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The effect of antenatal factors and postnatal growth on serum adiponectin levels in children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2013

M. S. Boyne ,
D. S. Thompson ,
C. Osmond ,
R. A. Fraser ,
M. M. Thame ,
C. Taylor-Bryan ,
S. Soares-Wynter  and
T. E. Forrester
M. S. Boyne*
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
D. S. Thompson
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
C. Osmond
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
R. A. Fraser
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
M. M. Thame
Affiliation:
Department of Child Health, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
C. Taylor-Bryan
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
S. Soares-Wynter
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
T. E. Forrester
Affiliation:
Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr Michael Boyne, Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica. (Email michael.boyne@uwimona.edu.jm)
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Abstract

Low levels of serum adiponectin (i.e. hypoadiponectinaemia) are a marker of cardiometabolic risk in overweight children. It is not clear whether early-life factors may play a role in the development of hypoadiponectinaemia. We investigated whether antenatal factors and postnatal growth are associated with childhood adiponectin levels. This was an observational study in a birth cohort (Vulnerable Windows Cohort Study). Anthropometry was measured at birth, at 6 weeks, every 3 months up to 2 years and then every 6 months. Fasting glucose, insulin, lipids and adiponectin were measured at a mean age 11.5 years. Data on 323 children were analysed with age- and sex-adjusted multivariate analyses. The sizes of mother, placenta, fetus and newborn were not significantly associated with adiponectin levels. Current weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, waist circumference, glucose, insulin resistance [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], triglycerides and systolic blood pressure were inversely related to adiponectin (P < 0.05). Faster growth in BMI during late infancy and childhood was associated with lower adiponectin levels (P < 0.05). After adjusting for current waist circumference, faster growth in BMI during early infancy was positively associated with adiponectin (P < 0.01). Faster growth in BMI during childhood was inversely associated (P < 0.001). These associations were similar after adjusting for HOMA-IR. We concluded that antenatal factors are not determinants of childhood adiponectin levels. Faster growth in BMI during infancy is associated with higher levels, whereas faster rates during childhood are associated with hypoadiponectinaemia. Hypoadiponectinaemia is a marker of a more adverse cardiometabolic profile in Afro-Caribbean children.

Keywords

adiponectinchildrenfetusgrowthinsulin sensitivity
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 4 , Issue 4 , August 2013 , pp. 317 - 323
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2013 

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