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Early-childhood BMI trajectories in relation to preclinical cardiovascular measurements in adolescence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2021

Parisa Montazeri Open the ORCID record for Parisa Montazeri [Opens in a new window] ,
Serena Fossati ,
Diana B.P. Clemente ,
Lourdes Cirugeda ,
Roberto Elosua ,
Sílvia Fernández-Barrés ,
Silvia Fochs ,
Raquel Garcia-Esteban ,
Sandra Marquez  and
Nuria Pey
...Show all authors
Parisa Montazeri
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Serena Fossati
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Diana B.P. Clemente
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
Lourdes Cirugeda
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Roberto Elosua
Affiliation:
Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Barcelona, Spain Medical School, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Silvia Fochs
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Raquel Garcia-Esteban
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Sandra Marquez
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Nuria Pey
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
Tim S Nawrot
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
Martine Vrijheid*
Affiliation:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
*
Address for correspondence: Martine Vrijheid, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: martine.vrijheid@isglobal.org
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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Overweight, obesity, and accelerated growth during early childhood have been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in later life. Few studies have assessed whether trajectories of accelerated growth in early childhood are associated with preclinical cardiovascular measurements. We aimed to evaluate the associations between childhood body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories and measures of macro- and microvascular function in early adolescence. Measurements of macrovascular function (systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and microvascular function (central retinal arteriolar/veinular equivalent) were assessed at 11 years old in a Spanish birth cohort study (n = 489). BMI trajectories from birth to 9 years were identified using latent class growth analysis. Multiple linear regression assessed the associations between the BMI trajectories and macro- and microvascular function. Compared to children with average birth size and slower BMI gain (reference), children with a lower birth size and accelerated BMI gain had increased SBP [β = 6.57; (95% CI 4.00, 9.15)], DBP [β = 3.65; (95% CI 1.45, 5.86)], and PWV [β = 0.14; (95% CI 0.01, 0.27)]. Children with higher birth size and accelerated BMI gain had increased SBP [β = 4.75; (95% CI 1.79, 7.71) compared to the reference. No significant associations between BMI trajectories and the microvascular measurements were observed. In conclusion, we found that childhood BMI trajectories characterized by accelerated growth are associated with preclinical macrovascular measurements in young adolescents.

Keywords

Growthgrowth trajectoriesbody mass index (BMI)blood pressurecardiovascular health
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , June 2022 , pp. 322 - 329
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

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