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The role of native bovine α-lactalbumin in bovine mammary epithelial cell apoptosis and casein expression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2008

Lisa G Riley ,
Peter C Wynn ,
Peter Williamson  and
Paul A Sheehy
Lisa G Riley*
Affiliation:
Centre for Advanced Technologies in Animal Genetics and Reproduction (ReproGen), Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia Cooperative Research Centre for Innovative Dairy Products, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
Peter C Wynn
Affiliation:
Centre for Advanced Technologies in Animal Genetics and Reproduction (ReproGen), Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia Cooperative Research Centre for Innovative Dairy Products, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
Peter Williamson
Affiliation:
Centre for Advanced Technologies in Animal Genetics and Reproduction (ReproGen), Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia Cooperative Research Centre for Innovative Dairy Products, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
Paul A Sheehy
Affiliation:
Centre for Advanced Technologies in Animal Genetics and Reproduction (ReproGen), Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia Cooperative Research Centre for Innovative Dairy Products, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: lisar@camden.usyd.edu.au
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Abstract

Folding variants of α-lactalbumin (α-la) are known to induce cell death in a number of cell types, including mammary epithelial cells (MEC). The native conformation of α-la however has not been observed to exhibit this biological activity. Here we report that native bovine α-la reduced the viability of primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) and induced caspase activity in mammospheres, which are alveolar-like structures formed by culturing primary BMEC on extracellular matrix in the presence of lactogenic hormones. These observations suggest a possible role for bovine α-la in involution and/or maintaining the luminal space in mammary alveoli during lactation. In addition, co-incubation of bovine α-la in an in-vitro mammosphere model resulted in decreased β-casein mRNA expression and increased αs1- and κ-casein mRNA expression. This differential effect on casein expression levels is unusual and raises the possibility of manipulating expression levels of individual caseins to alter dairy processing properties. Manipulation of α-la levels could be further investigated for its potential to enhance milk protein expression and/or improve lactational persistency by influencing the balance between proliferation and apoptosis of BMEC, which has a major influence on the milk-producing capacity of the mammary gland.

Keywords

α-Lactalbumincaseinapoptosismammary epithelial cell
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 75 , Issue 3 , August 2008 , pp. 319 - 325
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2008

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