Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-ws8qp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-28T21:44:14.879Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Reviews of the progress of Dairy Science: Long term effects of plane of nutrition on the performance of the dairy cow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

William H. Broster
Affiliation:
*National Institute for Research in Dairying (University of Reading), Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AT, UK
Valerie J. Broster
Affiliation:
*National Institute for Research in Dairying (University of Reading), Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AT, UK

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Agricultural Research Council 1965 The nutrient requirements of farm livestock. No. 2 Ruminants. Technical reviews and summaries. London: HMSOGoogle Scholar
Agricultural Research Council 1980 The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock: technical review 2nd ednFarnham Royal: Commonwealth Agricultural BureauxGoogle Scholar
Akinyele, I. O. & Spahr, S. L. 1975 Journal of Dairy Science 58 917921CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alderman, G., Broster, W. H., Strickland, M. J. & Johnson, C. L. 1982 Livestock Production Science 9 665673CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alderman, G., Harvard, A., Todd, J. R., Edwards, R. A. & Morgan, D. E. 1975 Energy allowances and feeding systems for ruminants. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Food Technical Bulletin no. 33. London: HMSOGoogle Scholar
Allden, W. G. 1970 Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews 40 11671184Google Scholar
Allen, W. M. & Sansom, B. F. 1980 In Feeding Strategies for Dairy Cows 1979 pp. 14.114.12 (Eds Broster, W. H., Johnson, C. L. and Tayler, J. C.). London: Agricultural Research CouncilGoogle Scholar
Altman, J. 1980 In Feeding Strategies for Dairy Cows 1979 pp. 15.115.14 (Eds Broster, W. H., Johnson, C. L. and Tayler, J. C.). London: Agricultural Research CouncilGoogle Scholar
Amir, S. & Kroll, O. 1979 In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow pp. 230257 (Eds Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.). St Albans: GranadaGoogle Scholar
ANON. 1964 Report, National Institute for Research in Dairying 1963 p. 27Google Scholar
ANON. 1974 Milk Marketing Board of England and Wales Report of the Breeding and Production Division No. 23 1972/1973 pp. 7980Google Scholar
ANON. 1979 Milk Marketing Board of England and Wales Report of Breeding and Production Division No. 28 1977/1978 pp. 96100Google Scholar
ANON. 1983 Jealott's Hill Research Station (1CI) Guide 1983 pp. 38–40, 41–43, 4849Google Scholar
Armstrong, D. G. 1983 Report, Hannah Research Institute 1982 pp. 6574Google Scholar
Armstrong, D. V., Brown, L. D., Thomas, J. W. & Getty, S. M. 1966 Journal of Dairy Science 49 730AGoogle Scholar
Autry, K. M., Cannon, C. Y. & Espe, D. L. 1942 Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station Research Bulletin no. 305 108139Google Scholar
Bailey, G. L. & Broster, W. H. 1954 Journal of Dairy Research 21 59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baird, G. D. 1981 International Conference on Production Diseases in Farm Animals 4 8793 (Eds Giesecke, D., Dirksen, G. & Stangassinger, M.) Universitat MünchenGoogle Scholar
Baird, G. D. 1982 Journal of Dairy Science 65 110CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baird, G. D., Heitzman, R. J., Hibbitt, K. G. & Hunter, G. D. 1974 British Veterinary Journal 130 214220CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, R. D., Le Du, Y. L. P. & Barker, J. M. 1982 Animal Production 34 213224Google Scholar
Balch, C. C. 1972 In Handbuch der Tierernährung 2 259291 (Eds Lenkeit, W., Breirem, K. and Crasemann, E.). Hamburg: Paul PareyGoogle Scholar
Barney, D. J., Grieve, D. G., Macleod, G. K. & Young, L. G. 1981 Journal of Dairy Science 64 2533CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bath, D. L., Ronning, M., Meyer, J. H. & Loforeen, G. P. 1965 Journal of Dairy Science 48 374380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauman, D. E. 1979 Proceedings of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers pp. 1217Google Scholar
Belyea, R. L., Coppook, C. E. & Lake, G. B. 1975 a Journal of Dairy Science 58 13361346CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belyea, R. L., Coppock, C. E., Merrill, W. G. & Slack, S. T. 1975 b Journal of Dairy Science 58 13281335CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berglund, B., Brännäng, E., Henningsson, T., Janson, L., Josefsson, G., Lindkvist, G., Magnusson, B., Philipsson, J. & Swensson, C. 1980 Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 10 159166Google Scholar
Bines, J. A. 1979 In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow pp. 2348 (Eds Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.). St Albans: GranadaGoogle Scholar
Bines, J. A. & Broster, W. H. 1974 Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production 3 5157Google Scholar
Bines, J. A. & Hart, I. C. 1982 Journal of Dairy Science 65 13751389CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bines, J. A., Suzuki, S. & Balch, C. C. 1969 British Journal of Nutrition 23 695704CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blair, T., Thomas, C., Thompson, W., Golightly, A. J. & Marshall, D. R. 1981 Grass and Forage Science 36 127129Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. 1944 Journal of Agricultural Science 34 2734CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. 1950 Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews 20 121Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. 1956 Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production 1956 pp. 131Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. 1966 The feeding of dairy cows for optimal production. George Scott Robertson Memorial Lecture Belfast: Queen's UniversityGoogle Scholar
Borland, A. A., Bean, A. L. & Jones, P. D. 1942 Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin no. 424Google Scholar
Botts, R. L., Hemken, R. W. & Bull, L. S. 1979 Journal of Dairy Science 62 433440CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H. 1971 Dairy Science Abstracts 33 253270Google Scholar
Broster, W. H. 1972 a Dairy Science Abstracts 34 265288Google Scholar
Broster, W. H. 1972 b In Handbuch der Tierernährung 2 292322 (Eds Lenkeit, W., Breirem, K. and Crasemann, E.). Hamburg: Paul PareyGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H. 1973 Veterinary Record 93 417420CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H. 1974 Biennial Review of the National Institute for Research in Dairying pp. 1434Google Scholar
Broster, W. H., Broster, V. J., Clements, A. J. & Smith, T. 1981 Journal of Agricultural Science 97 643647CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H., Broster, V. J. & Smith, T. 1969 Journal of Agricultural Science 72 229245CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H., Broster, V. J., Smith, T. & Sivtter, J. W. 1975 Journal of Agricultural Science 84 173186CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H. & Curnow, R. N. 1964 Journal of Agricultural Science 63 9196CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H. & Oldham, J. D. 1977 In Nutrition and the Climatic Environment pp. 123153 (Eds Haresign, W., Swan, H. and Lewis, D.). London: ButterworthsGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H., Ridler, B. & Foot, A. S. 1958 Journal of Dairy Research 25, 373382CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H. & Smith, T. 1973 Report, National Institute for Research in Dairying 1971/1972 p. 74Google Scholar
Broster, W. H. & Strickland, M. J. 1977 ADAS Quarterly Review no. 26 87105Google Scholar
Broster, W. H., Sutton, J. D. & Bines, J. A. 1978 In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition–1978 pp. 99126 (Ed. Haresign, W.). London: ButterworthsGoogle Scholar
Broster, W. H. & Thomas, C. 1981 In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition – 1981 pp. 4969 (Ed. Haresign, W.). London: ButterworthsCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, L. D., Thomas, J. W. & Emery, R. S. 1965 Journal of Dairy Science 48 816 A See also Journal of Dairy Science 1969 52 859870Google Scholar
Brown, L. D., Thomas, J. W., Emery, R. S. & Mcgilliard, L. D. 1974 Journal of Dairy Science 57 459462CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brumby, P. J. 1961 Animal Production 3 277294CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryant, A. M. & Trigg, T. E. 1979 Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 39 139147Google Scholar
Bryant, M. P. 1980 In Feeding Strategiesfor Dairy Cows 1979 pp. 12.112.12 (Eds Broster, W. H., Johnson, C. L. and Tayler, J. C.). London: Agricultural Research CouncilGoogle Scholar
Burt, A. W. A. 1956 Dairy Science Abstracts 18 Cols. 883894Google Scholar
Burt, A. W. A. 1957 Dairy Science Abstracts 19 Cols. 435454Google Scholar
Burt, A. W. A. & Dunton, C. R. 1967 Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 26 181190CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carstairs, J. A., Neitzel, R. R. & Emery, R. S. 1981 Journal of Dairy Science 64 3441CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chalmers, J. S. & Leaver, J. D. 1980 Animal Production 30 498 Abstr.Google Scholar
Chase, L. E. 1977 Proceedings of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers pp. 139145Google Scholar
Cheema, J. S. & Basu, S. B. 1983 Animal Production 36 277281Google Scholar
Chopping, G. D., Deans, H. D., Sibbick, R., Thurbon, P. N. & Stokoe, J. 1976 Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 11 481484Google Scholar
Clark, J. H. & Davies, C. L. 1980 Journal of Dairy Science 63 873885CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, P. W., Reckitts, R. E., Belyea, R. L. & Krause, G. F. 1980 Journal of Dairy Science 63 12991308CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clough, P. A., Hodgson-Jones, L. S., Broster, W. H. & Smith, T. 1977 Report, National Institute for Research in Dairying 1975/1976 pp. 4950Google Scholar
Cobby, J. M. & Le Du, Y. L. P. 1978 Animal Production 26 127133Google Scholar
Combellas, J. & Hodgson, T. 1979 Grass and Forage Science 34 209214CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppock, C. E., Everett, R. W., Natzke, R. P. & Ainslie, M. R. 1974 Journal of Dairy Science 57 712718CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppock, C. E., Tyrrell, H. F., Merrill, W. G. & Reid, J. T. 1968 Proceedings of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers pp. 8694Google Scholar
Cowan, R. T. 1982 Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 14 409412Google Scholar
Cowan, R. T., Byford, I. J. R. & Stobbs, T. H. 1975 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 15 740746CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, R. T., Davison, T. M. & O'grady, P. 1977 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 17 373379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, R. T., Reid, G. W., Greenhalgh, J. F. D. & Tait, C. A. G. 1981 Journal of Dairy Research 48 201212CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, R. T., Robinson, J. J., & Mcdonald, I. 1982 Animal Production 34 355357Google Scholar
Cowan, R. T., Robinson, J. J., Mcdonald, I. & Smart, R. 1980 Journal of Agricultural Science 95 497514CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuthbert, N. H., Crookes, F. G., Wilson, P. N., Brigstocke, T. D. A. & Dixon, T. W. 1980 Animal Production 30 472473AGoogle Scholar
Dale, H., Vikmo, L. & Fjellheim, P. 1979 Nordisk Veterinärmedicin 31 97105Google Scholar
Davenport, D. G. & Rakes, A. H. 1969 Journal of Dairy Science 52 10371043CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davenport, D. G. & Rakes, A. H. 1973 Journal of Dairy Science 56 465472CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, P. F. 1981 An attempt at statistical time series analysis of weekly records of feed, weight and milk yield of Friesian cows. Unpublished Interim Report from National Institute for Agricultural Engineering, Wrest Park, Silsoe, BedfordGoogle Scholar
Davison, T. M., Marschke, R. J. & Brown, G. W. 1982 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 22 147154CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dhanoa, M. S. 1981 Animal Production 32 349351Google Scholar
Ducker, M. J. 1980 In Feeding Strategies for Dairy Cows, 1979 pp. 13.113.11 (Eds Broster, W. H., Johnson, C. L. and Tayler, J. C.). London: Agricultural Research CouncilGoogle Scholar
Earle, D. F. 1976 Journal of Agriculture, Victoria 74 228231Google Scholar
Ekern, A. 1972 Norges Landbrukshøgskole, Beretning no. 147Google Scholar
Emery, R. S., Hafs, H. D., Armstrong, D. & Snyder, W. W. 1969 Journal of Dairy Science 52 345351CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esslemont, R. J. 1979 In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow pp. 258294 (Eds Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.). St Albans: GranadaGoogle Scholar
Everson, R. A., Jorgensen, N. A., Crowley, J. W., Jensen, E. L. & Barrington, G. P. 1976 Journal of Dairy Science 59 17761786CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flatt, W. P. & Moe, P. W. 1971 In Lactation pp. 341347 (Ed. Falconer, I. R.). London: Butterworths (University of Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science no. 17, 1970)Google Scholar
Flux, D. S. 1950 Journal of Agricultural Science 40 177184CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flux, D. S. & Patchell, M. R. 1954 Journal of Agricultural Science 45 246253CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flux, D. S. & Patchell, M. R. 1957 New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology A 38 689695Google Scholar
Foot, A. S., Line, C. & Rowland, S. J. 1963 Journal of Dairy Research 30 403409CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, F. H. 1971 Journal of Dairy Science 54 974978CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freer, M. 1981 In Grazing animals pp. 105124 (Ed. Morley, F. H. W.). Amsterdam: Elsevier (World Animal Science B1)Google Scholar
Fronk, T. J., Schultz, L. H. & Hardie, A. R. 1980 Journal of Dairy Science 63 10801090CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frood, M. J. & Croxton, D. 1978 Animal Production 27 285291Google Scholar
Gaines, W. L. 1927 Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin no. 288 pp. 355424Google Scholar
Gardner, R. W. 1969 a Journal of Dairy Science 52 19731984CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardner, R. W. 1969 b Journal of Dairy Science 52 19851987CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnsworthy, P. C. & Topps, J. H. 1981 Animal Production 32 392AGoogle Scholar
Garstang, J. R. 1981 Grass and Forage Science 36 129130Google Scholar
Gerring, J. C. & Young, P. W. 1961 New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 103 2Google Scholar
Glassey, C. B., Davey, A. W. F. & Holmes, C. W. 1980 Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 40 5963Google Scholar
Gleeson, P. A. 1970 In Dairy Nutrition pp. 8595London: U.S. Feed Grains CouncilGoogle Scholar
Gleeson, P. A. 1973 a Proceedings of the Dairying and Pig Conference, Fermoy 1972 pp. 5659Dublin: An Foras TalúntaisGoogle Scholar
Gleeson, P. A. 1973 b Journal of Irish Grassland and Animal Production Association 8 68Google Scholar
Gleeson, P. A. 1980 Report, Farmers Conference, Moorepark, Fermoy 1980 pp. 2631Dublin: An Foras TalúntaisGoogle Scholar
Gooch, M. 1935 Journal of Agricultural Science 25 71102CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1976 Animal Production 22 175187Google Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1977 a Animal Production 25 373379Google Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1977 b Animal Production 25 181191Google Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1978 Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology 31 6973CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1980 a In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition – 1980 pp. 1531 (Ed. Haresign, W.). London: ButterworthsGoogle Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1980 b In Supplementation and Effective Use of Grassland for Dairying 1980 pp. 1.11.17British Grassland SocietyGoogle Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1980 c Animal Production 30 2328Google Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1981 a Animal Production 32367AGoogle Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1981 b Animal Production 32367AGoogle Scholar
Gordon, F. J. 1982 Animal Production 34 5561Google Scholar
Grainger, C. & Wilhelms, G. D. 1979 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 19 395401CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grainger, C., Wilhelms, G. D. & Mcgowan, A. A. 1982 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 22 917CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenhaloh, J. F. D. 1969 In Nutrition of animals of agricultural importance pp. 717770 (Ed. Cuth-bertson, D. P.). Oxford: Pergamon Press (International Encyclopaedia of Food and Nutrition Vol. 17 Part 2)Google Scholar
Greenhalgh, J. F. D. & Gardner, K. E. 1958 Journal of Dairy Science 41 822829CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grieve, D. G., Curtis, R. A., Stone, J. B. & Macleod, G. K. 1980 a Journal of Dairy Science 63 601607CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grieve, D. G., Stone, J. B., Macleod, G. K. & Curtis, R. A. 1980 b Journal of Dairy Science 63 594600CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, T. W. 1965 Animal Production 7 263272Google Scholar
Haecker, T. L. 1914 University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin no. 140Google Scholar
Hammond, J. & Sanders, H. G. 1923 Journal of Agricultural Science 13 74119CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hancock, J. 1954 New Zealand Department of Agriculture Publication no. 63Google Scholar
Hill, R. E., Broster, W. H., Clements, A. J., Smith, T., Siviter, J. W. & Broster, V. J. 1983 Report, National Institute for Research in Dairying 1982 pp. 3031Google Scholar
Hodgson, J., Peart, J. N., Russel, A. J. F., Macdonald, A. J., Begg, M. & Davies, C. J. 1980 British Society of Animal Production Winter Meeting 1980 Paper No. 115Google Scholar
Holmes, C. W., Davey, A. W. F. & Grainger, C. 1981 Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 1981 41 1627Google Scholar
Holter, J. B., Johns, W. & Urban, W. E. 1975 Journal of Dairy Science 58 18651870CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holter, J. B., Urban, W. E. & Davis, H. A. 1976 Journal of Dairy Science 59 10871099CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holter, J. B., Urban, W. E., Kennett, W. S. & Sniffen, C. J. 1973 Journal of Dairy Science 56 915922CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutton, J. B. & Parker, O. F. 1973 New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 16 95104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, P. 1974 University of Nottingham Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers 8 123142 (Eds Swan, H. and Lewis, D.). London: Butterworths. See also Broster & Strickland (1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeffery, H. 1971 Tropical Grasslands 5 205220Google Scholar
Jensen, E., Klein, J. W., Rauchenstein, E., Woodward, T. E. & Smith, R. H. 1942 U.S.D.A. Technical Bulletin no. 815Google Scholar
Johansson, I. 1964 Animal Breeding Abstracts 32 421435Google Scholar
Johnson, C. L. 1977 Journal of Agricultural Science 88 7994CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, C. L. 1979 Journal of Agricultural Science 92 743751CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, C. L. 1982 Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England 143 3445Google Scholar
Johnson, C. L. 1983 Journal of Agricultural Science 100 191199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, D. G. & Otterby, D. E. 1981 Journal of Dairy Science 64 290295CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jumah, H. F., Poulton, B. R. & Apgar, W. P. 1965 Journal of Dairy Science 48 12101214CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahn, H. E. 1982 The development of a simulation model and its use in the evaluation of cattle production systems. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Reading.Google Scholar
Kali, J. & Amir, S. 1972 4th Annual Report of research conducted under grants authorized by United States Public Law 480 Agricultural Research Organisation, The Volcani Centre, Bet Dagan, IsraelGoogle Scholar
Kesler, E. M. & Spahr, S. L. 1964 Journal of Dairy Science 47 11221128CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Killen, L. & Keane, M. 1978 Irish Journal of Agricultural Research 17 267282Google Scholar
King, K., Patterson, I. & Stockdale, R. 1978 Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 12 232Google Scholar
Korver, S. 1982 Feed intake and production in dairy breeds dependent on the ration. Doctoral Thesis: Agricultural University, Wageningen, The NetherlandsGoogle Scholar
Krohn, C. C. & Andersen, P. E. 1976 Paper to 27th Annual Meeting, European Association for Animal Production, August 1976, ZurichGoogle Scholar
Krohn, C. C. & Andersen, P. E. 1980 Livestock Production Science 7 555568CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krohn, C. C., Hvelplund, T. & Andersen, P. E. 1982 Mimeograph Report Husdyrbrugsforsøk, Copenhagen, DenmarkGoogle Scholar
Kronfeld, D. S. 1971 Journal of Dairy Science 54 949962CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kronfeld, D. S. 1972 Australian Veterinary Journal 48 680687CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laird, R., Leaver, J. D., Moisey, F. R. & Castle, M. E. 1981 Animal Production 33 199209Google Scholar
Lamb, J. N., Prescott, J. H. D., & Armstrong, D. G. 1976 In Optimising the Utilisation of Cereal Energy by Cattle and Pigs pp. 129London: United States Feed Grains CouncilGoogle Scholar
Land, C. & Leaver, J. D. 1981 Animal Production 32 362363AGoogle Scholar
Larkin, J. C. & Fosgate, O. T. 1970 Journal of Dairy Science 53 561565CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsen, L. H. & Eskedal, H. W. 1952 Report, National Research Institute on Animal Husbandry, Copenhagen, Denmark no. 260Google Scholar
Leaver, J. D. 1980 Animal Production 30 448449AGoogle Scholar
Le Du, Y. L. P., Baker, R. D. & Newberry, R. D. 1981 Grass and Forage Science 36 307318CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Du, Y. L. P., Combellas, J., Hodgson, J. & Baker, R. D. 1979 Crass and Forage Science 34 249260CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Du, Y. L. P. & Newberry, R. D. 1981 Grass and Forage Science 36 134135Google Scholar
Lennon, H. D. & Mixner, J. P. 1958 Journal of Dairy Science 41 969976CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Line, C. & Westgarth, D. R. 1971 Report, National Institute for Research in Dairying 1969/1970 pp. 5556Google Scholar
Little, W. & Kay, R. M. 1979 Animal Production 29 131142Google Scholar
Lodge, G. A., Fisher, L. J. & Lessard, J. R. 1975 Journal of Dairy Science 58 696702CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loman, B. G., Scott, N. & Somerville, S. 1973 East of Scotland College of Agriculture Bulletin no. 6Google Scholar
McCaffree, J. D. & Merrill, W. G. 1968 Journal of Dairy Science 51 561566CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacLeod, G. K. & MacLeod, N. M. 1971 Journal of Dairy Science 54 806AGoogle Scholar
McMeekan, C. P. & Walshe, M. J. 1963 Journal of Agricultural Science 61 147163CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madsen, O. 1975 Animal Production 20 191197Google Scholar
Mäkelä, A. 1962 Maataloustieteellinen Aikakauskirja 34 162 & 173Google Scholar
Marsh, R., Curran, M. K. & Campling, R. C. 1971 Animal Production 13 107116Google Scholar
Mason, I. L., Robertson, A. & Gjelstad, B. 1957 Journal of Dairy Research 24 135143CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mather, R. E., Breidenstein, C. P., Poulton, B. R. & Bonnington, G. H. 1960 Journal of Dairy Science 43 358370CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, E. L., Galwey, N. W., Newman, G. & Pike, I. H. 1982 In Protein Contribution of Feedstuffs for Ruminants: application to feed formulation pp. 131141 (Eds Miller, E. L., Pike, I. H. and Es, A. J. H. Van). London: ButterworthsCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, E. L., Galwey, N. W., Pike, I. H. & Newman, G. 1981 Animal Production 32 368AGoogle Scholar
Miller, E. L., Galwey, N. W., Pike, I. H. & Newman, G. 1983 Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 42 624Google Scholar
Miller, R. H. & Hooven, N. W. 1969 Journal of Dairy Science 52 15881600CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, R. H., Hooven, N. W. & Creegan, M. E. 1969 Journal of Dairy Science 52 9094CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, R. H., Hooven, N. W., Smith, J. W. & Creegan, M. E. 1973 Journal of Dairy Science 56 15401544CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moe, P. W., Tyrrell, H. F. & Flatt, W. P. 1971 Journal of Dairy Science 54 548553CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohrenweiser, H. W. & Donker, J. D. 1968 Journal of Dairy Science 51 367372CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, J. S. & Cowsert, W. C. 1943 Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin no. 383Google Scholar
Morgan, D. J. 1980 In Farmers Conference Report, Moorepark, Fermoy 1980 pp. 59, Dublin: An Foras TaluntaisGoogle Scholar
Morkow, D. A. 1976 Journal of Dairy Science 59 16251629CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mulvany, P. 1977 Dairy cow condition scoring 4pp. Reading: National Institute for Research in Dairying (NIRD Paper no. 4468)Google Scholar
National Research Council 1966 National Academy of Sciences Publication no. 1349 Washington DC: National Research CouncilGoogle Scholar
Neilson, D. R., Whittemore, C. T., Lewis, M., Alliston, J. C., Roberts, D. J., Hodgson-Jones, L. S., Mills, J., Parkinson, H. & Prescott, J. H. D. 1983 Animal Production 36 321334Google Scholar
Nelder, J. A. 1966 Biometrics 22 128141CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newman, G. 1980 5th European Symposium, International Association of Fishmeal Manufacturers, 16 10 1980 AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Nix, J., Wood, P. D. P., Leaver, J. D., Quick, A. J. & Stanspield, J. M. 1983 Survey of high yielding dairy cows: 3000 Gallon Club Report Dairy Conference 1983, Royal Agricultural Society of England and Agricultural Development and Advisory ServiceGoogle Scholar
Odlum, G. M. 1944 An analysis of the Manningford Herd of British Friesians Published by the AuthorGoogle Scholar
Oldham, J. D. 1983 Paper to 77th Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association, 06 1982 Journal of Dairy Science (in press)Google Scholar
Oldham, J. D. & Alderman, G. 1982 In Protein and Energy Supply for High Production of Milk and Meat pp. 3363 Proceedings of Symposium of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and Food and Agriculture Organization, Geneva, 1981 Oxford: Pergamon PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oldham, J. D., Broster, W. H., Napper, D. J. & Siviter, J. W. 1979 British Journal of Nutrition 42 149162CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oldham, J. D. & Smith, T. 1982 In Protein Contribution of Feedstuffs for Ruminants: Application to Feed Formulation pp. 103130 (Ed. Miller, E. L., Pike, I. H. & Es, A. J. H. Van). London: ButterworthsCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oldham, J. D. & Sutton, J. D. 1979 In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow pp. 114147 (Eds Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.). St Albans: GranadaGoogle Scholar
Ørskov, E. R., Flatt, W. P., Moe, P. W., Munson, A. W., Hemken, R. W. & Katz, I. 1969 British Journal of Nutrition 23 443453CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osbourn, D. F. 1980 In Grass: its Production and Utilization pp. 70124 (Ed. Holmes, W.). Oxford: BlackwellGoogle Scholar
Østergaard, V. 1979 a Statens Husdyrbrugs Forsag Beretning no. 482Google Scholar
Østergaard, V. 1979 b In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow pp. 171194 (Eds Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.). St Albans: GranadaGoogle Scholar
Owen, F. G. & Hoglund, C. R. 1970 University of Nebraska College of Agriculture Agricultural Experiment Station, Station Bulletin SB 511Google Scholar
Owen, J. B. 1979 a Complete diets for cattle and sheep Ipswich: Farming Press LtdGoogle Scholar
Owen, J. B. 1979 b In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition – 1978 pp. 159171 (Eds Haresign, W. and Lewis), D.. London: ButterworthsCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owen, J. B. & Nielsen, E. 1968 Journal of Agricultural Science 70 245252CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paquay, R., De Baere, R. & Lousse, A. 1972 a Journal of Agricultural Science 79 323329CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paquay, R., De Baere, R. & Lousse, A. 1972 b British Journal of Nutrition 27 2737CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patchell, M. R. 1957 a New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology A38 682688Google Scholar
Patchell, M. R. 1957 b New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology A38 689695Google Scholar
Paterson, R. 1968 Journal of the British Grassland Society 23 107116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, J. M., Hibbitt, K. G. & Sansom, B. F. (Eds) 1973 Production Disease in Farm Animals: Proceedings of Conference at the University of Reading, 1972 London:Baillière TindallGoogle Scholar
Phipps, R. H. & Cramp, D. G. 1976 Animal Production 23 191196Google Scholar
Phipps, R. H. & Holmes, W. 1974 Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) 52 5964Google Scholar
Poole, D. A. 1982 Animal Production 34 197201Google Scholar
Rakes, A. H. & Davenport, D. G. 1971 Journal of Dairy Science 54 13001304CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, J. T. & White, O. D. 1977 Proceedings of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers pp. 1627Google Scholar
Richardson, F. D., Oliver, J. & Clarke, G. P. Y. 1977 Animal Production 25 359372Google Scholar
Rijpkema, Y. S. & Tamminga, S. 1980 Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium on Protein Metabolism and Nutrition, Brunswick 2 777784 (Eds Oslage, H. J. and Rohr, K.) (EAAP Publication no. 27)Google Scholar
Roberts, C. J. 1982 Proceedings of the 12th World Congress on Diseases of Cattle, Amsterdam 1982 1 501507Google Scholar
Roberts, C. J., Reid, I. M., Rowlands, G. J. & Patterson, A. 1981 Veterinary Record 108 79CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, G. L., Grainger, C. & Earle, D. F. 1979 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 19 712CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, G. L., Robinson, I. B., Chandler, N. J. & Day, I. 1981 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 21 163166CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rook, J. A. F. 1961 Dairy Science Abstracts 23 251–258; 303308Google Scholar
Rook, J. A. F. & Campling, R. C. 1965 Journal of Dairy Research 32 4555CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rook, J. A. F., Line, C. & Rowland, S. J. 1960 Journal of Dairy Research 27 427433CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowlands, G. L., Lucey, S. & Russell, A. M. 1982 Animal Production 35 135144Google Scholar
Roy, J. H. B. 1978 Journal of Society of Dairy Technology 31 7379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, H. G. 1923 Journal of Agricultural Science 13 169179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, H. G. 1927 a Journal of Agricultural Science 17 339379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, H. G. 1927 b Journal of Agricultural Science 17 502523CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, H. G. 1928 Journal of Agricultural Science 18 209251CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, H. G. 1930 Journal of Agricultural Science 20 145185CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaeffer, L. R. & Henderson, C. R. 1972 Journal of Dairy Science 55 107112CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaeffer, L. R., Hunt, M. S., Smith, G. C. & Burnside, E. B. 1977 Journal of Dairy Science 60 (Supplement 1) 148CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, G. H. & Schultz, L. H. 1959 Journal of Dairy Science 42 170179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, J. D. T. & Phillips, D. S. M. 1959 Proceedings of the Ruakura Farmers Conference, Hamilton, New Zealand p. 198Google Scholar
Siviter, J. W., Broster, W. H. & Smith, T. 1984 In Jersey (in press)Google Scholar
Smith, A., Wheelock, J. V. & Dodd, F. H. 1967 Journal of Dairy Research 34 145150CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, N. E., Ufford, G. R., Coppock, C. E. & Merrill, W. G. 1978 a Journal of Dairy Science 61 584591CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, N. E., Ufford, G. R., Coppock, C. E. & Merrill, W. G. 1978 b Journal of Dairy Science 61 11381145CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snedecor, G. W. & Cochran, W. G. 1965 Statistical Methods 6th ednAmes, IA: Iowa State University PressGoogle Scholar
Sowerby, M. E. & Polan, C. E. 1978 Journal of Dairy Science 61 455460CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spahr, S. L. 1977 Journal of Dairy Science 60 13371344CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steen, R. W. J. & Gordon, F. J. 1980 a Animl Production 30 3951Google Scholar
Steen, R. W. J. & Gordon, F. J. 1980 b Animal Production 30 341354Google Scholar
Steuernagel, G. R. 1979 A method to estimate persistency of milk production in dairy cattle. Doctorate Thesis, University of Minnesota (Dissertation Abstracts International B 40 4044)Google Scholar
Stobbs, T. H. & Sandland, R. L. 1972 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 12 463469CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockdale, C. R., King, K. R. & McKenzie, D. R. 1980 Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 13, 515 AGoogle Scholar
Stockdale, C. R., King, K. R., Patterson, I. F. & Ryan, D. T. 1981 Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 21 148162CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strickland, M. J. & Broster, W. H. 1981 Journal of Agricultural Science 96 677690CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, J. D., Hart, I. C. & Broster, W. H. 1982 Proceedings of the 9th Symposium on Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, Lillehammer, 1982 pp. 2629 (Eds Ekern, A. and Sundstøl, F.). Ski, Norway: Informasjonsteknikk (EAAP Publication no. 29)Google Scholar
Swanson, E. W., Hinton, S. A. & Miles, J. T. 1967 Journal of Dairy Science 50 11471152CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talpaz, H., Seligman, N., Goldman, A., Sklan, D. & Hurwitz, S. 1980 In Operations Research in Agriculture and Water Resouces pp. 285294 (Eds Yaron, D. and Tapiero, C. S.). Conference Proceedings, Jerusalem, 1979 Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Tayler, J. C. 1959 Nature 184 20212022CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, C. 1980 In Feeding Strategies for Dairy Cows 1979 pp. 8.18.14 (Eds Broster, W. H., Johnson, C. L. and Tayler, J. C.). London: Agricultural Research CouncilGoogle Scholar
Thomas, C., Aston, K., Tayler, J. C., Daley, S. R. & Osbourn, D. F. 1981 Animal Production 32 285295Google Scholar
Thomas, G., Matthews, G. & Chapman, H. 1980 Dairy Production Research Report 1980 pp. 6971Victoria, Australia: Division of Animal Research, Department of Agriculture.Google Scholar
Thomas, J. W., Brown, L. D. & Emery, R. S. 1970 Journal of Dairy Science 53 342350CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, J. W., Emery, R. S. & Brown, L. D. 1974 Journal of Dairy Science 57 463471CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treacher, R. J., Little, W., Collis, K. A. & Stark, A. J. 1976 Journal of Dairy Research 43 357369CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trigg, T. E., Jury, K. E., Bryant, A. M. & Parr, C. R. 1980 In Energy metabolism: 8th symposium, Cambridge, 1979 pp. 345349 (Ed. Mount, L. E.). London: Butterworths (EAAP Publication no. 26)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trigg, T. E. & Topps, J. H. 1981 Journal of Agricultural Science 97 147157CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trimberger, G. W., Tyrrell, H. F., Morrow, D. A., Reid, J. T., Wright, M. J., Shipe, W. F., Merrill, W. G., Loosli, J. K., Coppock, C. E., Moore, L. A. & Gordon, C. H. 1972 New York Food and Life Science Bulletin No. 8, Animal Science no. 1 52 pp.Google Scholar
Tyrrell, H. F., Trimberger, G. W., Morrow, D. A., Merrill, W. G., Reid, J. T. & Loosli, J. K. 1968 Proceedings of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers pp. 95102Google Scholar
Van der Honig, Y., Steg, A. & Van Es, A. J. H. 1977 Livestock Production Science 4 5767CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vandersall, J. H. & Hemken, R. W. 1970 Proceedings of the Maryland Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers pp. 9095Google Scholar
Van Es, A. J. H. 1976 In Principles of Cattle Production pp. 237253 (Eds Swan, H. and Broster, W. H.). London: Butterworths (University of Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science no. 23, 1975)Google Scholar
Van Es, A. J. H. & Van Der Honig, Y. 1979 In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow pp. 6889 (Eds Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.). St Albans: GranadaGoogle Scholar
Vermorel, M., Remond, B., Vernet, J. & Liamadis, D. 1982 In Proceedings of the 9th Symposium on Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, Lillehammer, 1982 pp. 1821 (Eds Ekern, A. and Sundstøl, F.). Ski, Norway: Informasjonsteknikk (EAAP Publication No. 29)Google Scholar
Wagner, D. G. & Loosli, J. K. 1967 Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station Memoir no. 400Google Scholar
Wagner, W. C. 1974 Journal of Dairy Science 57 354360CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, L. R. 1957 Proceedings of Ruakura Farmers Conference, Hamilton, New Zealand pp. 166177Google Scholar
Walsh, J. P. 1980 Report, Farmers Conference, Moorepark, Fermoy, 1980 pp. 1825Dublin: An Foras TalúntaisGoogle Scholar
Westgarth, D. R., Line, C., Foot, A. S. & Atkinson, J. M. 1969 Report, National Institute for Research in Dairying 1968 pp. 5051Google Scholar
Wheelock, J. & Dodd, F. H. 1969 Journal of Dairy Research 36 479493CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiener, G. 1960 Animal Production 2 117130Google Scholar
Wiktorsson, H. 1971 a Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 1, 83103Google Scholar
Wiktorsson, H. 1971 b Input/output relationships in dairy cows: the effects of different levels of nutrition, quantities of roughage and frequencies of feeding. Uppsala: Almqvist and Wiksell.Google Scholar
Wiktorsson, H. 1979 In Feeding Strategy for the High Yielding Dairy Cow pp. 148170 (Eds Broster, W. H. and Swan, H.). St Albans: GranadaGoogle Scholar
Wilson, P. N. & Osbourn, D. F. 1960 Biological Reviews 35 324363CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1967 Nature 216 164165CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1968 Nature 218 894CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1969 Animal Production 11 301316Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1970 Animal Production 12 535538Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1972 Animal Production 15 8992Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1976 Animal Production 22 3540Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1977 a Journal of Agricultural Science 88 333339CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1977 b Journal of Agricultural Science 89 737741CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1979 Animal Production 28 5563Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1980 Animal Production 31 133141Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. 1981 Animal Production 32 105108Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P., King, J. O. L. & Youdan, P. G. 1980 Animal Production 31 143151Google Scholar
Wood, P. D. P. & Newcomb, R. 1976 Journal of Agricultural Science 87 101104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, J. A., Rook, J. A. F. & Wood, P. D. P. 1974 Journal of Dairy Research 41 155164CrossRefGoogle Scholar