Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-9q27g Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-20T05:56:07.695Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of oestrus on the heat stability and other characteristics of milk from dairy goats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2008

Georgios Christodoulopoulos ,
Nikolaos Solomakos ,
Panagiotis D Katsoulos ,
Anastasios Minas  and
Spyridon K Kritas
Georgios Christodoulopoulos*
Affiliation:
Clinic of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa GR-43100, Greece
Nikolaos Solomakos
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Hygiene of Animal Origin Foods, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa GR-43100, Greece
Panagiotis D Katsoulos
Affiliation:
Clinic of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa GR-43100, Greece
Anastasios Minas
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Professions, Technological Educational Institution of Larissa, Larissa GR-41222, Greece
Spyridon K Kritas
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Macedonia, Greece
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: gc@vet.uth.gr
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We examined the heat stability, somatic cell count (SCC), pH, fat, protein and lactose content of milk from goats during the oestrous period, in order to investigate evidence of possible oestrus effects on milk physical and chemical properties. Goats free from mammary infections were ranked on average SCC from three tests so that they could be stratified randomly in pairs to synchronized oestrus or left as unsynchronized non-oestrus controls. The synchronisation consisted of insertion of an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device for 17 d, and introduction of the bucks the day of the device removal (D0). The repeated measurements analysis of variance model included the fixed effects of the experimental group (oestrus or control) and day and the corresponding interaction and also the random effect of doe. Reduced milk-heat stability, increased SCC, increased protein content and reduced pH were found in the milk samples of the oestrus group on D1, 2 and 3. The fat and lactose content of the milk was not affected by oestrus. These data indicate that the milk of goats during the mating period has reduced heat stability and, therefore, that dilution into bulk tanks should be recommended to avoid clotting when milk is intended for high thermal treatment.

Keywords

Goat milkoestrusheat stabilitySCCpHfatproteinlactose
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 75 , Issue 1 , February 2008 , pp. 64 - 68
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aleandri, M, Fagiolo, A, Calderini, P, Colafrancesco, G, Giangolini, G, Rosati, R & De Michelis, F 1994 Studies conducted on somatic cells count of goat milk. In International Symposium on Somatic Cells and Milk of Small Ruminants, pp. 55–58. Bella, ItalyGoogle Scholar
Anderson, KL, Smith, AR, Spahr, SL, Gustafsson, BK, Hixon, E, Weston, PG, Jaster, EH, Shanks, RD & Whitmore, L 1983 Influence of the estrous cycle on selected biochemical and cytologic characteristics of milk of cows with subclinical mastitis. American Journal of Veterinary Research 44 677–680Google ScholarPubMed
Anema, SG & Stanley, DJ 1998 Heat-induced, pH-dependent behaviour of protein in caprine milk. International Dairy Journal 8 917–923CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bouhallab, S, Leconte, N, Le Graet, Y & Garem, A 2002 Heat-induced coagulation of goat milk: modification of the environment of the casein micelles by membrane processes. Lait 82 673–681CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calderini, P, Colafrancesco, R, Fagiolo, A, Reitano, ME & DeMichelis, F 1994 Somatic cells count in milk from mastitis-free goats intensively reared and controlled until the sixth lactation. In International Symposium on Somatic Cells and Milk of Small Ruminants, pp. 7–9. Bella, ItalyGoogle Scholar
Cowan, CM & Larson, LL 1979 Relationship of the estrous cycle to milk composition. Journal of Dairy Science 62 546–550CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De la Fuente, MA, Olano, A, Casal, V & Juarez, M 1999 Effects of high pressure and heat treatment on the mineral balance of goats' milk. Journal of Dairy Research 66 65–72CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Filioussis, G, Christodoulopoulos, G, Thatcher, A, Petridou, V & Bourtzi-Chatzopoulou, E 2007 Isolation of Mycoplasma bovis from cow clinical mastitis cases in northern Greece. Veterinary Journal 173 217–220CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fox, PF 1989 The milk protein system. In Developments in Dairy Chemistry – 4. Functional Milk Proteins, pp. 1–53 (Ed. Fox, PF). Chelmsford, UK: Elsevier Applied ScienceGoogle Scholar
Fox, PF & Hoynes, MCT 1976 Heat stability characteristics of ovine, caprine and equine milks. Journal of Dairy Research 43 433–442CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, PF & McSweeney, PLH 1998 Dairy Chemistry and Biochemistry. London: Blackie Academic & ProfessionalGoogle Scholar
Guidry, AJ, Paape, MJ & Pearson, RE 1975 Effects of estrus and exogenous estrogen on circulating neutrophils and milk somatic cell count concentration, neutrophil phagocytosis, and occurrence of clinical mastitis in cows. American Journal of Veterinary Research 36 1555–1560Google Scholar
King, JOL 1977 The effect of oestrus on milk production in cows. Veterinary Record 101 107–108CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lerondelle, C, Richard, Y & Issartial, J 1992 Factors affecting somatic cell counts in goat milk. Small Ruminant Research 8 129–139CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manjunath, GM & Bhat, GS 1990 Studies on native proteinase activity in milk (native proteinases in milk). Indian Journal of Dairy Science 43 102–104Google Scholar
McDougall, S & Voermans, M 2002 Influence of Estrus on Somatic Cell Count in Dairy Goats. Journal of Dairy Science 85 378–383CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montilla, A & Calvo, MM 1997 Goat's Milk Stability during Heat Treatment: Effect of pH and Phosphates. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 45 931–934CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, F, Micault, S & Fauquant, J 2001 Combined effect of whey protein and αS1-casein genotype on the heat stability of goat milk. International Journal of Dairy Technology 54 64–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moroni, P, Pisoni, G, Savoini, G, van Lier, E, Acuna, S, Damian, JP & Meikle, A 2007 Influence of estrus of dairy goats on somatic cell count, milk traits, and sex steroid receptors in the mammary gland. Journal of Dairy Science 90 790–797CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mukherjee, D, Bandyopadhay, AK & Ghatak, PK 1993 Some factors affecting heat stability of goat milk. Indian Journal of Dairy Science 46 307–310Google Scholar
Ram, S & Sindhu, JS 1991 Salt balance and heat stability of goat milk as affected by pH. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 61 753–756Google Scholar
Raynal-Ljutovac, K, Massouras, T & Barbosa, M 2004 Goat milk and heat treatments. South African Journal of Animal Science 34 (Supplement 1) 173–175Google Scholar
Tziboula, A 1997 Casein diversity in caprine milk and its relation to technological properties: heat stability. International Journal of Dairy Technology 50 134–138CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Urech, E, Puhan, Z & Schallibaum, M 1999 Changes in milk protein fraction as affected by subclinical mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science 82 2404–2411CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zadow, JG, Hardham, JF, Kocak, HR & Mayes, JJ 1983 The stability of goat's milk to UHT processing. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 38 20–23Google Scholar