Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-v5vhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-01T15:28:45.236Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Effect of abomasal or ruminal administration of citrus pulp and soybean oil on milk fatty acid profile and antioxidant properties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 May 2015

Luciano Soares de Lima
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
Geraldo T D Santos
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
Ana Luiza B Schogor
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
Francilaine E de Marchi
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
Moacir R de Souza
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
Nadine W Santos
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
Fabio S Santos
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
Hélène V Petit*
Affiliation:
Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: helene.petit@agr.gc.ca

Abstract

Soybean oil (SBO) is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) and rumen bypass of SBO can contribute to increase the polyunsaturated FA proportion in milk fat. Citrus pulp (CPP) is a source of antioxidants but there is little information on the effects of CP administration on milk properties. This study was performed to determine the role of rumen microorganisms in the transfer of antioxidants from CPP into milk when cows receive SBO as a source of polyunsaturated FA. Four ruminally fistulated lactating Holstein cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: (1) SBO administered in the rumen; (2) SBO infused in the abomasum; (3) SBO + CPP administered in the rumen; and (4) SBO + CPP infused in the abomasum. Product and site of administration had no effect on yield of milk components. Concentrations of total polyphenols and flavonoids, reducing power and production of conjugated diene (CD) hydroperoxides in milk were not affected by products, but infusion in the abomasum compared with administration in the rumen increased production of CD. Milk fat FA profile was not affected by products. However, cows infused in the abomasum compared with those administered in the rumen showed lower proportions of short-chain and monounsaturated FA and higher proportions of polyunsaturated, omega 3 and omega 6 FA in milk fat, which resulted in enhanced health-promoting index of milk. Administration of SBO and CPP (0·2 + 1·0 kg/d) in the rumen or the abomasum resulted in similar milk antioxidant properties, thus suggesting that the rumen microbes have little involvement in the metabolism of antioxidants from CPP.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bampidis, VA & Robinson, PH 2006 Citrus by-products as ruminant feeds: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology 128 175217CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrefors, P, Granelli, K, Appelqvist, LA & Bjoerck, L 1995 Chemical characterization of raw milk samples with and without oxidative off-flavor. Journal of Dairy Science 78 26912699CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauman, DE & Griinari, JM 2003 Nutritional regulation of milk fat synthesis. Annual Review of Nutrition 23 203227CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bobe, G, Zimmerman, S, Hammond, EG, Freeman, AE, Porter, PA, Luhman, CM & Beitz, DC 2007 Butter composition and texture from cows with different milk fatty acid compositions fed fish oil or roasted soybeans. Journal of Dairy Science 90 25962603CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bremmer, DR, Ruppert, LD, Clark, JH & Drackley, JK 1998 Effects of chain length and unsaturation of fatty acid mixtures infused into the abomasum of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 81 176188CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bretillon, L, Chardigny, JM, Gregoire, S, Berdeaux, O & Sebedio, JL 1999 Effects of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on the hepatic microsomal desaturation activities in vitro. Lipids 34 965969CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, S, Bobe, G, Zimmerman, S, Hammond, EG, Luhman, CM, Boylston, TD, Freeman, AE & Beitz, DC 2004 Physical and sensory properties of dairy products from cows with various milk fatty acid compositions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 52 34223428CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y, Ferlay, A, Mansbridge, RM & Doreau, M 2000 Ruminant milk fat plasticity: nutritional control of saturated, polyunsaturated, trans and conjugated fatty acids. Annales De Zootechnie 49 181205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chilliard, Y, Ferlay, A, Rouel, J & Lamberet, G 2003 A review of nutritional and physiological factors affecting goat milk lipid synthesis and lipolysis. Journal of Dairy Science 86 17511770CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Côrtes, C, Kazama, R, da Silva-Kazama, D, Benchaar, C, Zeoula, LM, Santos, GT & Petit, HV 2011 Digestion, milk production and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows fed flax hulls and infused with flax oil in the abomasum. Journal of Dairy Research 78 293300CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Côrtes, C, Palin, MF, Gagnon, N, Benchaar, C, Lacasse, P & Petit, HV 2012 Mammary gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes and concentration of the mammalian lignan enterolactone in milk and plasma of dairy cows fed flax lignans and infused with flax oil in the abomasum. British Journal of Nutrition 108 13901398CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dickinson, JM, Smith, GR, Randel, RD & Pemberton, IJ 1988 In vitro metabolism of formononetin and biochanin in bovine rumen fluid. Journal of Animal Science 66 19691973CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drackley, JK, Overton, TR, Ortiz-Gonzalez, G, Beaulieu, AD, Barbano, DM, Lynch, JM & Perkins, EG 2007 Responses to increasing amounts of high-oleic sunflower fatty acids infused into the abomasum of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 90 51655175CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Enjalbert, F, Nicot, MC, Bayourthe, C & Moncoulon, R 1998 Duodenal infusions of palmitic, stearic or oleic acids differently affect mammary gland metabolism of fatty acids in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Nutrition 128 15251532CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Felgines, C, Texier, O, Morand, C, Manach, C, Scalbert, A, Regerat, F & Remesy, C 2000 Bioavailability of the flavanone naringenin and its glycosides in rats. American Journal of Physiology – Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 279 G1148G1154CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gagnon, N, Côrtes, C, da Silva, D, Kazama, R, Benchaar, C, dos Santos, G, Zeoula, L & Petit, HV 2009 Ruminal metabolism of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) lignans to the mammalian lignan enterolactone and its concentration in ruminal fluid, plasma, urine and milk of dairy cows. British Journal of Nutrition 102 10151023CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gladine, C, Rock, E, Morand, C, Bauchart, D & Durand, D 2007 Bioavailability and antioxidant capacity of plant extracts rich in polyphenols, given as a single acute dose, in sheep made highly susceptible to lipoperoxidation. British Journal of Nutrition 98 691701CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gressley, TF, Reynal, SM, Colmenero, JJ, Broderick, GA & Armentano, LE 2006 Technical note: development of a tool to insert abomasal infusion lines into dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 89 39653967CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Han, J, Britten, M, St-Gelais, D, Champagne, CP, Fustier, P, Salmieri, S & Lacroix, M 2011 Polyphenolic compounds as functional ingredients in cheese. Food Chemistry 124 15891594CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ISO 1978 Preparation of methyl esters of fatty acids. In Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils, 1st edition, pp. 16. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for StandardizationGoogle Scholar
Kazama, R, Côrtes, C, da Silva-Kazama, D, Gagnon, N, Benchaar, C, Zeoula, LM, Santos, GT & Petit, HV 2010 Abomasal or ruminal administration of flax oil and hulls on milk production, digestibility, and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 93 47814790CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kinsella, JE 1972 Stearyl CoA as a precursor of oleic acid and glycerolipids in mammary microsomes from lactating bovine: possible regulatory step in milk triglyceride synthesis. Lipids 7 349355CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kiokias, SN, Dimakou, CP, Tsaprouni, IV & Oreopoulou, V 2006 Effect of compositional factors against the thermal oxidative deterioration of novel food emulsions. Food Biophysics 1 115123CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lima, LS, Santos, GT, Schogor, AB, Damasceno, JC, Marchi, FE, Santos, NW, Santos, FS & Petit, HV 2014 Effect of abomasal or ruminal supplementation of citrus pulp and soybean oil on nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation of dairy cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology 189 123129CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lundh, TJO 1990 Conjugation of the plant estrogens formononetin and daidzein and their metabolite equol by gastrointestinal epithelium from cattle and sheep. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 38 10121016CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manthey, JA & Grohmann, K 1996 Concentrations of hesperidin and other orange peel flavonoids in citrus processing byproducts. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44 811814CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moure, A, Cruz, JM, Franco, D, Domínguez, JM, Sineiro, J, Domínguez, H, José Núñez, M & Parajó, JC 2001 Natural antioxidants from residual sources. Food Chemistry 72 145171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, JJ, Connolly, JF & McNeill, GP 1995 Effects on milk fat composition and cow performance of feeding concentrates containing full fat rapeseed and maize distillers grains on grass-silage based diets. Livestock Production Science 44 111CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Research Council 2001 Nutrients Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th rev. edition. Washington, DC, USA: Nat. Acad. PressGoogle Scholar
Palin, MF, Côrtes, C, Benchaar, C, Lacasse, P & Petit, HV 2014 mRNA Expression of lipogenic enzymes in mammary tissue and fatty acid profile in milk of dairy cows fed flax hulls and infused with flax oil in the abomasum. British Journal of Nutrition 111 10111020CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petit, HV, Côrtes, C, da Silva, D, Kazama, R, Gagnon, N, Benchaar, C, dos Santos, GT & Zeoula, LM 2009 The interaction of monensin and flaxseed hulls on ruminal and milk concentration of the mammalian lignan enterolactone in late-lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 76 475482CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sánchez, N, Miranda, S, Vit, P & Rodríguez-Malaver, AJ 2010 Propolis protects against oxidative stress in human saliva. Journal of ApiProduct and ApiMedical Science 2 7276CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santos, GT, Lima, LS, Schogor, ALB, Romero, JV, Marchi, FED, Grande, PA, Santos, NW, Santos, FS & Kazama, R 2014 Citrus Pulp as a Dietary Source of Antioxidants for Lactating Holstein Cows Fed Highly Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Diets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 27 11041113CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SAS 2000 Statistical Analysis System, Release 8.02. 2000. Cary, NC: SAS Inst. Inc.Google Scholar
Selner, DR & Schultz, LH 1980 Effects of feeding oleic acid or hydrogenated vegetable oils to lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 63 12351241CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shiota, M, Konishi, H & Tatsumi, K 1999 Oxidative stability of fish oil blended with butter. Journal of Dairy Science 82 18771881CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singleton, VL & Rossi, JA 1965 Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 16 144158CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storry, JE & Rook, JA 1965 The effects of a diet low in hay and high in flaked maize on milk-fat secretion and on the concentrations of certain constituents in the blood plasma of the cow. British Journal of Nutrition 19 101109CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Timmons, JS, Weiss, WP, Palmquist, DL & Harper, WJ 2001 Relationships among dietary roasted soybeans, milk components, and spontaneous oxidized flavor of milk. Journal of Dairy Science 84 24402449CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ulbricht, TLV & Southgate, DAT 1991 Coronary heart-disease – 7 dietary factors. The Lancet 338 985992CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsh, KR, Haak, SJ, Fastinger, ND, Bohn, T, Tian, Q, Mahan, DC, Schwartz, SJ & Failla, ML 2009 Gastrointestinal absorption and metabolism of soy isoflavonoids in ileal-canulated swine. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research 53 277286CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, RJ, Spencer, JP & Rice-Evans, C 2004 Flavonoids: antioxidants or signalling molecules? Free Radical Biology and Medicine 36 838849CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woisky, RG & Salatino, A 1998 Analysis of propolis: some parameters and procedures for chemical quality control. Journal of Apicultural Research 37 99105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, QY, Hackman, RM, Ensunsa, JL, Holt, RR & Keen, CL 2002 Antioxidative activities of oolong tea. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50 69296934CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed