Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T05:01:18.431Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dairy cow characteristics related to Staphylococcus aureus isolation from quarter samples

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Carsten Enevoldsen ,
Yrjö T. Gröhn  and
Iver Thysen
Carsten Enevoldsen
Affiliation:
Section of Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Yrjö T. Gröhn
Affiliation:
Section of Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Iver Thysen
Affiliation:
Danish Information Network in the Agricultural Sciences (DINA), Research Centre Foulum, PO Box 23, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

A comprehensive description of the health status of 2406 cows in 28 herds was used to study complex interrelationships between Staphylococcus aureus occurrence and potential risk factors at the cow level over a broad spectrum of production conditions. The objective of the study was to characterize those cows shedding Staph, aureus in milk and to provide indications of possible causal relations that should be further explored. The estimates are expected to aid in providing valid and precise evaluations of results from cross sectional microbiological examination of bovine (quarter) milk samples. Staph, aureus were isolated at microbiological examination of quarter milk from 5·2, 13·5, 17·9 and 22·0% of 1552, 490, 296 and 277 cows in lactations 1, 2, 3 and 4–9 respectively. Simultaneous isolation of other mastitis pathogens was not significantly associated with occurrence of Staph, aureus. Of the positive samples, 95% had a positive California mastitis test reaction. Among the clinical measures of udder health, only visibly abnormal milk combined with normal udder tissue was associated with increased occurrence of Staph, aureus, although not consistently. Prior antibiotic treatment for udder disorders was not significantly associated with Staph, aureus isolation. The occurrence of sole ulcers in multiple digits was consistently associated with Staph, aureus in the first lactation. Milk yield was involved in interactions with other pathogens isolated, prior veterinary disease treatment, body weight and season of calving. Strong herd-year effects were revealed. This, combined with the interactions, indicated that some herd-specific factors were major determinants of Staph, aureus occurrence. The study indicated which cow characteristics should be taken into account in epidemiological analyses and causal interpretations of data from cross sectional microbiological examinations of dairy herds.

Type
Original articles
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 62 , Issue 1 , February 1995 , pp. 69 - 81
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anon. 1978 [Instructions for mastitis laboratories of October 1, 1978.] Copenhagen: Danish State Veterinary ServiceGoogle Scholar
Bakken, G. 1981 Subclinical mastitis in Norwegian dairy cows. Relevance rates and epidemiological assessments. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 31 273–286CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakken, G. & Gudding, R. 1982 The interdependence between clinical and subclinical mastitis. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 32 17–22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batra, T. R. & McAllister, A. J. 1983 Incidence of subclinical and clinical mastitis in pureline and crossline dairy cattle. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 63 773CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bramley, A. J. & Dodd, F. H. 1984 Reviews of the progress of dairy science. Mastitis control—progress and prospects. Journal of Dairy Research 51 481–512CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brolund, L. 1985 Cell counts in bovine milk, causes of variation and applicability for diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica (Suppl.) 80 1–123Google ScholarPubMed
Enevoldsen, C. 1993 [Dairy Herd Health Management.] PhD thesis, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, CopenhagenGoogle Scholar
Enevoldsen, C., Gröhn, Y. T. & Thysen, I. 1991 a Sole ulcers in dairy cattle: associations with season, cow characteristics, disease, and production. Journal of Dairy Science 74 1284–1298CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Enevoldsen, C., Gröhn, Y. T. & Thysen, I. 1991 b Heel erosion and other interdigital disorders in dairy cows: associations with season, cow characteristics, disease, and production. Journal of Dairy Science 74 1299–1309CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Francis, P. G. & Sumner, J. 1986 Understanding Mastitis Control. SVS Report Series no. 1. Weybridge: MAFF Central Veterinary LaboratoryGoogle Scholar
Hosmer, D. W. & Lemeshow, S. 1989 Applied Logistic Regression. New York: J. Wiley & SonsGoogle Scholar
Jain, N. C. 1979 Common mammary pathogens and factors in infection and mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science 62 128–134CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klastrup, O., Bramley, A. J., Bakken, G. & Bushnell, R. B. 1987 Environmental influences on bovine mastitis. International Dairy Federation Bulletin no. 217Google Scholar
Klastrup, O. & Schmidt Madsen, P. 1974 [Standard methods for bacteriological investigation of quarter samples.] Nordisk Veterincermedicin 26 197–204Google Scholar
Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L. & Morgenstern, H. 1982 Epidemiologic Research: Principles and Quantitative Methods. New York: Van Nostrand ReinholdGoogle Scholar
McDonald, J. S. 1977 Streptococcal and staphylococcal mastitis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 170 1157–1159Google ScholarPubMed
Madsen, P. S., Klastrup, O., Olsen, S. J. & Pedersen, P. S. 1974 Herd incidence of bovine mastitis in four Danish dairy districts. I. The prevalence and mastitogenic effect of micro-organisms in the mammary glands of cows. Nordisk Veterinærmedicin 26 473–482Google ScholarPubMed
østergaard, V. 1985. [Experimental housing systems for dairy cattle. Goals, materials, and design.] Copenhagen: National Institute of Animal Science (Report no. 588 10–37)Google Scholar
Petersen, E. E. 1987 [Microorganisms in quarter milk samples from mastitic cows in 1986.] Mastitis-Nyt no. 1 6–11. (Publication for members of the Danish section of the Nordic Society for Mastitis Control and Research)Google Scholar
Poutrel, B. 1985 [Review of mastitis in dairy cows: Infectious processes, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control methods.] Recueil de Médecine Vétérinaire 161 495–511Google Scholar
PyöRälä, S. & Mattila, T. 1987 Inflammatory changes during experimental bovine mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Streptococcus uberis. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A 34 574–581CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Röder, R. & Gedek, W. 1986 [Cellular reactions in milk from bacterial isolates as measures of udder pathogenity.] Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift 99 73–76Google Scholar
SAS 1985 User's Guide: Statistics, 5th edn. Cary, NC: SAS InstituteGoogle Scholar
Sears, P. M., Smith, B. S., English, P. S., Herer, P. S. & Gonzales, R. N. 1990 Shedding pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine intramammary infections. Journal of Dairy Science 73 2785–2789CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wanasinghe, D. D. & Frost, A. J. 1979 The prevalence of udder infection and mastitis in herds producing bulk milk with either consistently high or low cell count. Australian Veterinary Journal 55 374–380CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, C. D. & Richards, M. S. 1980 A survey of mastitis in the British dairy herd. Veterinary Record 106 431–435CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed