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311 Rib Fractures in Geriatric Trauma: A Review of 1,037 Cases at a Single Level I Trauma Center

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2022

Forest Sheppard
Affiliation:
Maine Medical Center
Joseph D. Mack
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee
Carolyne Falank
Affiliation:
Maine Medical Center
Bryan C Morse
Affiliation:
Maine Medical Center
Daniel C Cullinane
Affiliation:
Maine Medical Center
Joseph F Rappold
Affiliation:
Maine Medical Center
Julianne Ontengco
Affiliation:
Maine Medical Center
David Ciraulo
Affiliation:
Maine Medical Center
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Abstract

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Rib fractures are common traumatic thoracic injuries and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In those age ≥ 65, the rate of these complications double. This study sought to identify the extent to which injury-related predictors influence clinical outcomes in geriatric patients with rib fractures. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A retrospective 5-year review was performed of a single Level 1 Trauma center registry. Geriatric patients (≥65 years of age) diagnosed with rib fractures from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019 were included. The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included hospital and intensive care unit length of stay (HLOS and ICU LOS, respectively) and discharge disposition, as a surrogate for loss of independence. Further, subgroup analysis based on number of rib fractures (i.e. <4 and ≥4 rib fractures) was performed. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 2,134 adult trauma patients were admitted with at least one rib fracture. Of these, 1,037 (49%) were ≥ 65 years old. This cohort had a mean age of 78.6 years old, injury severity score (ISS) of 11.4, HLOS of 7.4 days and 29% required ICU care with mean ICU LOS of 1.9 days. Only 36% were discharged home compared to 64% who were discharged to a care facility and thus had a loss of independence. Overall mortality was 6.3%. Compared to survivors, non-survivors had a higher ISS (19.3 vs. 10.8, p = < 0.0001) and longer ICU LOS (7.1 vs. 6.5 days, p = 0.04). Analysis based on number of rib fractures showed that those with ≥4 rib fractures had significantly higher mortality (8% vs. 4%, p = 0.008), longer HLOS (8.7 vs. 6.1 days, p < 0.0001), longer ICU LOS (2.6 vs. 1.3 days, p < 0.0001), and significantly lower discharge to home (32% vs. 39%, p = 0.02). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: To our knowledge, this is the largest single-center study of geriatric patients with rib fractures. In this study, the observed mortality in patients ≥65 years of age was 6.3% which represents a lower mortality rate than historically reported. Despite this, only 36% were able to be discharged directly to home.

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Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. The Association for Clinical and Translational Science