Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-gq7q9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T02:01:09.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors affecting the yield and quality of milk: I. The age of the cow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

R. R. Kay  and
Andrew C. M'Candlish
R. R. Kay
Affiliation:
(Milk Production Department. The West of Scotland Agricultural College, Glasgow.)
Andrew C. M'Candlish
Affiliation:
(Milk Production Department. The West of Scotland Agricultural College, Glasgow.)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

1. The variations in production due to age have been investigated with the records of 738 Ayrshire cows for 4380 lactations.

2. Milk and butterfat production increase up to about 7 years of age and then show a decrease.

3. The fat percentage for 3-year-olds is higher than that for older cows.

4. After 3 years of age there is little change in the fat percentage with age that is of any practical significance until advanced ages are reached, when there may be a fall of importance.

5. The increase in production associated with age is probably attributable, in part, to the growth of the secretory tissue of the udder and to body growth in general.

6. Part of the increase may also be due to an improvement in functional activity through use.

7. The tendency for milk to show a slightly lower fat percentage as the cow advances in age is probably due to the fact that as the milk yield changes the fat yield changes in the same direction but at a slower rate.

8. There is little known regarding the influence of very advanced age on production, but it is probable that many cows maintain for a long time the production associated with maturity, and then decline slowly.

9. Heifers with a low fat percentage need not as a rule be expected to test higher on reaching maturity.

10. It is probable that the increase in production with maturity is associated more closely with high initial production than with persistency of production.

11. Correction factors for age are presented.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , April 1929 , pp. 342 - 372
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1929

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

(1)Beach, . Conn. (Storrs) Sta. Rpt. pp. 142–145 (1907).Google Scholar
(2)Brody, . MO. Sta. Res. Bul. 103 (1927).Google Scholar
(3)Brody, . Mo. Sta. Res. Bul. 105 (1927).Google Scholar
(4)Brody, and Ragsdale, . J. Gen. Physiol. 3, 623–633 (1921).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(5)Brody, , Ragsdale, , Hays, and Elting, . Mo. Sta. Bul. 236 (1926).Google Scholar
(6)Brody, , Ragsdale, and Turner, J. Oen. Physiol. 5, 445–449 (1923).Google Scholar
(7)Brody, , Ragsdale, and Turner, J. Oen. Physiol. 6, 21–40 (1923).Google Scholar
(8)Clark, . J. Dairy Sci. 7, 547–554 (1924).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(9)Davidson, . III. Sta. Bul. 302 (1928).Google Scholar
(10)Eckles, . Dairy Cattle and Milk Production, p. 153 (1914).Google Scholar
(11)Eckles, . Mo. Sta. Bul. 135 (1915).Google Scholar
(12)Eckles, . Dairy Cattle and Milk Production, p. 425 (1923).Google Scholar
(13)Eckles, and Palmer, J. Agric. Res. 11, 645–658 (1917).Google Scholar
(14)Eckles, and Swett, . Mo. Sta. Res. Bul. 31 (1918).Google Scholar
(15)Ernst, , Mohler, and Eichhorn, . Milk Hygiene, p. 65 (1914).Google Scholar
(16)Gaines, . Ill. Sta. Rpl. pp. 89–94 (1926).Google Scholar
(17)Gaines, . Ill. Sta. Bul. 288 (1927).Google Scholar
(18)Gaines, and Davidson, . Ill. Sta. Bul. 272 (1926).Google Scholar
(19)Gowen, . Me. Sta. Bul. 283 (1919).Google Scholar
(20)Gowen, . Genetics, 5, 111–88 (1920).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(21)Gowen, . Genetics, 5, 249–324 (1920).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(22)Gowen, . Me. Sta. Bul. 293 (1920).Google Scholar
(23)Gowen, . J. Dairy Sci. 6, 102–121 (1923).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(24)Gowen, . Me. Sta. Bul. 311 (1923).Google Scholar
(25)Gowen, . J. Agric. Res. 30, 865–869 (1925).Google Scholar
(26)Graves, and Fohrman, . U.S. Dept. Agr. Bul. 1352 (1925).Google Scholar
(27)Haas, . Milch. Ztg. Jahrsb. 27, 841 (1898).Google Scholar
(28)Hammond, . Proc. Scottish Cattle Breeding Conference, pp. 101–5 (1924).Google Scholar
(29)Hills, and Kibby, . Vt. Sta. Rpt. pp. 339–50 (1906).Google Scholar
(30)Högström, . K. Landtbr. Akad. och Tidskr. 45, 137–76(1906).Google Scholar
(31)Holdaway, . Amer. Naturalist, 50, 676–87 (1916).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(32)Hooper, . Breeders’ Gazette, 68, 808 (1915).Google Scholar
(33)Hooper, . Ky. Sta. Bul. 234 (1921).Google Scholar
(34)Kay, . Thesis. Ia. Sta. Col. (1928).Google Scholar
(35)Kellner, . The Scientific Feeding of Animals, p. 311 (1909).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(36)Klein, and Kirsten, . Milch. Ztg. Jahrsb. 31, 577–558, 594–596, 611–613 (1902).Google Scholar
(37)La Cour, . Tidskr. f. Landekonom. 13, 303–29 (1894).Google Scholar
(38)Lane, . U.S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Anim. Indus. Bul. 75 (1905).Google Scholar
(39)M'Candlish, . Ia. Sta. Res. Bul. 73 (1922).Google Scholar
(40)M'Candlish, , Gillette, and Kildee, . Ia. Sta. Bul. 188 (1919).Google Scholar
(41)M'Connell, . The Agricultural Note Book, p. 321 (1910).Google Scholar
(42)Miner, . J. Agric. Res. 3, 411–423 (1915).Google Scholar
(43)Nevens, . J. Dairy Sci. 2, 99–107(1919).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(44)Pearl, . Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 12, 18–19 (1914).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(45)Pearl, and Miner, . J. Agric. Res. 17, 285–322 (1919).Google Scholar
(46)Pearl, and Patterson, . Me. Sta. Bul. 262 (1917).Google Scholar
(47)Peters, . Deut. Landw. Tierzucht. 17, 252–253 (1913).Google Scholar
(48)Ragsdale, , Turner, , Brody, , Elting, and Gifford, . Mo. Sta. Bul. 244 (1926).Google Scholar
(49)Roberts, . J. Agric. Res. 14, 67–96 (1918).Google Scholar
(50)Sanders, . J. Agric. Sci. 13, 169–179 (1923).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(51)Sanders, . J. Agric. Sci. 17, 339–379 (1927).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(52)Shanks, . Trans. High, and Agr. Soc. Scotland, 12, 99–111 (1900).Google Scholar
(53)Speir, . Trans. High, and Agr. Soc. Scotland, 16, 170–229 (1904).Google Scholar
(54)Speir, . Trans. High, and Agr. Soc. Scotland, 17, 182–211 (1905).Google Scholar
(55)Speir, . Trans. High, and Agr. Soc. Scotland, 21, 175–196 (1909).Google Scholar
(56)Tocher, . Trans. High, and Agr. Soc. Scotland, 31, 237–56(1919).Google Scholar
(57)Tocher, . Variations in the Composition of Milk, pp. 51–57 (1925).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(58)Tocher, . Biometrika, 20 B, 105–244 (1928).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(59)Turner, . Holstein-Friesian World, 20, 557 (1923).Google Scholar
(60)Turner, . J. Dairy Sci. 10, 95–105 (1927).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(61)White, and Drakeley, . J. Agric. Sci. 17, 420–427 (1927).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(62)White, and Judkins, . Conn. (Storrs) Sta. Bul. 94 (1918).Google Scholar
(63)Wilson, . The Breeding and Feeding of Farm Stock, pp. 96–100 (1921).Google Scholar
(64)Wing, and Anderson, N.Y. (Cornell) Sta. Bul. 152 (1899).Google Scholar
(65)Wing, and Anderson, N.Y. (Cornell) Sta. Bul. 169 (1899).Google Scholar
(66)Woll, . Wis. Sta. Rpt. pp. 107–27 (1902).Google Scholar
(67)Woll, . Wis. Sta. Res. Bul. 26 (1912).Google Scholar
(68)Woll, . Proc. Soc. Prom. Agr. Sci. 33, 23–28 (1912).Google Scholar
(69)Woodman, and Hammond, J. Agric. Sci. 12, 97–102 (1922).CrossRefGoogle Scholar