Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xm8r8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-16T06:53:35.506Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The efficiency of utilization of proteins contained in roughages, soya bean oil meal or mixtures of both, by sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

H. Tagari
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Agricultural Biochemistry, HebrewUniversity, Faculty of Agriculture, Rehovot, Israel
A. Bondi
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition and Agricultural Biochemistry, HebrewUniversity, Faculty of Agriculture, Rehovot, Israel

Summary

In two feeding experiments the effects of different sources of protein on nitrogen utilization were studied. Three protein sources were examined in both experiments; (a) soya-bean oil meal; (b) lucerne hay or vetch oat hay, and (c) a mixture of soyabean oil meal and hay. The first experiment was carried out with nine adult rams and the second with twelve growing rams.

The results of N balance experiments showed clearly the superiority of the hay ration over the soya-bean meal ration. N retention when the mixed ration was given was greater than on hay alone. No parallel trend was found between the protein digestibility of any of the diets and its efficiency for N retention.

With adult sheep a negative correlation between the extent of N retention and blood urea concentration was found; this agreed with our earlier findings. No such negative correlation was found with growing animals.

The highest concentrations of the various forms of soluble N compounds such as soluble a-amino N, diffusible N and diffusible peptide N were found in the rumen liquor taken from the sheep kept on the hay diet. The lowest amounts were observed when the soya-bean oil meal diet was given and intermediate amounts with the mixed diet. These trend sappeared to be related to the NPN (non-protein nitrogen) content of the diet, but the amounts of soluble N compounds present in rumen liquor were not directly correlated with the extent of N retention.

Concentrations of VFA present in rumen liquor depended primarily on the carbohydrate composition in the diet. The type of protein ingested exerted some influence, particularly on the concentrations of caproic and iso-caproic acid. The ratios of concentrations of the individual fatty acids in blood to the concentrations of the same acids in rumen liquor were found to increase with lengthening of the fatty acid chain.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1970

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abou Akada, A. R. & Sayed Osman, H. E. (1967). The use of the ruminal ammonia and blood urea as an index of the nutritive value of the protein in some food stuffs. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 69, 2531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bondi, A. & Neumark, H. (1960). Chemical composition of feeding stuffs for cattle and sheep. In Agricultural Yearbook, pp. 249–69 (in Hebrew). Tel-Aviv: Hassadeh Publishing Corp.Google Scholar
Brady, C. J. (1960). Redistribution of nitrogen in grass and leguminous fodder plants during wilting and ensilage. J. Sci. Fd Agric. 11, 276–84.Google Scholar
Chalmers, M. I. (1961). Protein synthesis in the rumen. In Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of the Ruminant (ed. Lewis, D.), pp. 205–25. London: Butterworth.Google Scholar
Clare, N. T. & Stevenson, A. E. (1964). Measurement of feed intake by grazing cattle and sheep. 10. Determination of nitrogen in faeces and feeds using an Auto-Analyzer. N.Z. Jl agric. Res. 7, 198204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conway, E. J. (1957). Microdiffusion Analysis and Volumetric Error, 4th ed., chap, . 10 and p. 143. London: Crosby Lock wood and Son.Google Scholar
Coulombe, J. J. & Favreatj, L. (1963). A new simple semimicro method for colorimetric determination of urea. Clin. Chem. 9, 102–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dror, Y., Mayevsky, A. & Bondi, A. (1969). Some effects of starch on protein utilization by sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 23, 726–35.Google Scholar
Erwin, E. S., Marco, G. J. & Emery, E. M. (1961). Volatile fatty acid analysis of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography. J. Dairy Sci. 44, 1768—71.Google Scholar
Fisher, H. (1967). Nutritional aspects of protein reserves. In Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry (ed. Albanese, A. A.), vol. 3, pp. 101–24. New York and London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lewis, D. (1962). The inter-relationships of individual proteins and carbohydrates during fermentation in the rumen of the sheep. 2. The fermentation of starch in the presence of proteins and other substances containing nitrogen. J. agric. Sci., Oamb. 58, 73–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orskov, E. R. & Oltjen, R. R. (1967). Influence of carbohydrate and nitrogen source on the rumen volatile fatty acids and ethanol of cattle fed purified diets. J. Nutr. 93, 222–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Packett, L. V. & Mcctjne, R. W. (1965). Determination of steam volatile organic acids in fermentation media by gas-liquid chromatography. Appl. Microbiol. 13, 22–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Senel, S. H. & Owen, F. G. (1967). Relation of dietary acetic and butyric acids to intake, digestibility, lactation performance, and ruminal and blood levels of certain metabolites. J. Dairy Sci. 50, 327–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevenson, I. L. (1959). Dehydrogenase activity in soils. Can. J. Microbiol. 5, 229–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tagari, H. (1969). Comparison of the efficiency of proteins contained in lucerne hay and soya-bean meal for sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 23, 455–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tagari, H., Dror, Y., Ascarelli, I. & Bondi, A. (1964). The influence of levels of protein and starch in rations of sheep on the utilization of protein. Br. J. Nutr. 18, 333–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tagari, H., Krol, O. & Bondi, A. (1965). Different efficiency of proteins contained in roughages and concentrates for ruminants. Nature, Lond. 206, 37–8.Google Scholar