Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8bljj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-23T00:55:42.635Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of roughage or concentrate feeding and rumen retention time on total degradation of protein in the rumen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

G. Ganev ,
E. R. Ørskov  and
R. Smart
G. Ganev
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
E. R. Ørskov
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
R. Smart
Affiliation:
The Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Samples of soya-bean meal, groundnut meal, sunflower meal and fish meal were incubated in nylon bags in the rumens of sheep receiving either whole barley or dried grass. For the vegetable sources of protein the rate of disappearance of protein was greater when they were incubated in the rumens of sheep receiving dried grass than in sheep receiving whole barley. The rate of disappearance of fish meal did not vary between sheep fed whole barley or dried grass.

Rate of outflow of protein particles from the rumen was determined by rendering the protein supplement totally indigestible by a treatment with sodium dichromate. The rate of outflow was greatest with sheep receiving dried grass and increased with increasing feeding level.

The mathematical expressions of degradation rate and outflow rate were combined to give the total amount of protein degraded in the rumen for the grass and barley diets at two levels of feeding.

The amino acid composition of residues left in the nylon bags after 9 h of incubation were shown to be almost identical to the amino acid composition of the original protein supplement, indicating that the composition of the amino acid in the undegraded protein entering the abomasum essentially resembled that of the supplements.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 93 , Issue 3 , December 1979 , pp. 651 - 656
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1979

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Balch, C. C. (1950). Factors affecting the utilization of food by dairy cows. The rate of passage of food through the digestive tract. British Journal of Nutrition 4, 361–388.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davidson, I., Mathieson, J. & Boyne, A. W. (1970). The use of automation in determining nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method with final calculation by computer. Analyst 95, 181–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mackie, I. M. & Ritchie, A. H. (1974). Free amino acids offish flesh. Proceedings of the IV International Congress on Food Science and Technology 1, 29–38.Google Scholar
Mathieson, I. (1970). The automated estimation of chromic oxide. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 29, 30A.Google Scholar
Mehbez, A. Z. & Økskov, E. R. (1977). The use of a dacron bag technique to determine rate of degradation of protein and energy in the rumen. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 88, 645–650.Google Scholar
Meheez, A. Z. & Øeskov, E. R. (1978). Protein degradation and optimum urea concentration in cereal based diets for sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 40, 337–345.Google Scholar
Øbskov, E. R. (1977). Nitrogen utilization by young and lactating ruminants. World Review Nutritional Diet 26, 225–243.Google Scholar
Øbskov, E. R. & Mcdonald, I. (1979). The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 92, 499–503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boy, J. H. B., Balch, C. C., Miller, E. L., Ørskov, E. R. & Smith, R. H. (1977). Calculation of the N requirement for ruminants from N metabolism studies. 2nd Symposium on Protein Metabolism and Nutrition (ed. Taminga, S.), pp. 126–129. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Centre for Agricultural Publishing.Google Scholar
Smith, R. H. & Mohamed, O. E. (1977). Effect of degradation in the rumen on dietary protein entering the ruminant duodenum. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 36, 153A.Google ScholarPubMed
Stevenson, A. E. & Clare, N. T. (1963). Measurement of feed intake by grazing cattle and sheep. Determination of chromio oxide in faeces using an Auto-Analyzer. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 6, 121–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uden, P., Callucci, P. E. & Van Soest, P. J. (1979). Investigation of chromium, cerium and cobalt as markers in digesta rate of passage studies. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. (In the Press.)Google Scholar
Whitehead, R., Cooke, G. H. & Chapman, B. T. (1967). Problems associated with the continuous monitoring of ammoniacal nitrogen in a river water. Automation in analytical chemistry. Technican Symposia, 1967, vol. II, pp. 337–380. White Plains, N.Y.: Medical Inc.Google Scholar