Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-jbqgn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-24T00:46:01.288Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Desodification of a salt-affected soil in plots of various sizes under two modes of water application

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

I. S. Dahiya ,
K. S. Grewal  and
D. J. Dahiya
I. S. Dahiya
Affiliation:
Department of Soils, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
K. S. Grewal
Affiliation:
Department of Soils, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
D. J. Dahiya
Affiliation:
Department of Soils, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Desodification of a highly saline-sodic, permeable, sandy loam soil was accomplished in 2 × 2 m (S1), 4 × 4 m (S2) and 6 × 6 m (S3) plots under continuous and intermittent ponding. The soil contained large amounts of soluble salts and exchangeable sodium throughout the profile to the water table. The chief salts were chlorides and sulphates of sodium, calcium, and magnesium. The leaching curves with respect to desodification did not differ significantly between the S1, S2 and S3 plots under continuous ponding but did under intermittent ponding. With intermittent ponding, the efficiency of leaching exchangeable sodium in the S1 plots was very significantly higher than that in the S2 and S3 plots, i.e. the leaching efficiency decreased sharply with increased plot size. The leaching efficiency in the S1 plots was significantly greater with intermittent than with continuous ponding, but the reverse was true in the S2 and S3 plots. The results further indicated that there is no need to apply an amendment such as gypsum, mainly because calcium and magnesium present in such soils are adequate to replace the initially high exchangeable sodium during leaching. The displacement of exchangeable sodium in the S1 plots under intermittent ponding was nearly piston-like. With increased plot size, it tended to deviate from this behaviour. It is concluded that under practical situations in which reclamation is accomplished in large plots, the practice of leaching the saline constituents with intermittent ponding would be less effective. Thus, leaching of salts down into the soil with a single heavy irrigation would be more desirable.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 108 , Issue 2 , April 1987 , pp. 453 - 458
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Addiscott, T. M. (1977). A simple computer model for leaching in structured soils. Journal of Soil Science 28, 554–563.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernstein, L. (1962). Salt-affected soils and plants. In The Problems of the Arid Zone, pp. 139–174. 18th Symposium, Paris.Google Scholar
Bresler, E., McNeal, B. L. & Carter, D. L. (1982). Saline and Sodic Soils: Principles–Dynamics–Modeling. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahiya, I. S. (1977). Salt-affected soils in India. II. Their hazards to crops. Agriculture and Agro-Industries Journal, Bombay 10(2), 11–16.Google Scholar
Dahiya, I. S. (1978). Salt-affected soils in India. III. How to live with them. Agriculture and Agro-Industries Journal, Bombay 11(8), 17–26; 11(9), 17–24; 11(10), 17–23.Google Scholar
Dahiya, I. S & Abrol, I. P. (1974). The redistribution of surface salts by transient and steady infiltration of water into dry soils. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 22, 209–216.Google Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Abrol, I. P. & Hajrasuliha, S. (1980). Modeling transport of reactive solutes in saline-sodic soils rich in soluble carbonates. Agricultural Water Management 3, 3–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahiya, I. S. & Dahiya, S. S. (1977). Salt-affected soils in India. I. Their origin, occurrence and characteristics. Agriculture and Agro-Industries Journal, Bombay 10(1), 11–16.Google Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Grewal, K. S., Anlauf, R. & Richter, J. (1985). Desalinization of a salt-affected soil in plots of various sizes under two modes of water application. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 104, 19–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Malik, R. S. & Richter, J. (1983). Testing of simple leaching models in a field soil. International Journal of Tropical Agriculture 1, 193–202.Google Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Malik, R. S. & Singh, M. (1980). Desalinization and desodification of a saline-sodic soil under precipitation management. International Symposium on Salt-Affected Soils, Karnal, India, pp. 307–312.Google Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Malik, R. S. & Singh, M. (1981). Field studies on leaching behaviour of a highly saline-sodic soil under two modes of water application in the presence of crops. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 97, 383–389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Malik, R. S. & Singh, M. (1982). Reclaiming a saline-sodic, sandy loam soil under rice production. Agricultural Water Management 5, 61–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Richter, J. & Malik, R. S. (1984). Soil spatial variability: a review. International Journal of Tropical Agriculture 2, 1–102.Google Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Singh, M., Richter, J. & Singh, M. (1984). Leaching of soluble salt during infiltration and redistribution. Irrigation Science 5, 15–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahiya, I. S., Singh, M., Singh, M. & Hajrasuliha, S. (1980). Simultaneous transport of surface applied salts and water through unsaturated soils as affected by infiltration, redistribution and evaporation. Soil Science Society of America Journal 44, 223–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dieleman, P. J. (1963). Reclamation of Salt Affected Soils in Iraq, p. 175. Wageningen, The Netherlands: Veenman.Google Scholar
Evans, N. H. (1974). Finding knowledge gaps: the key of salinity control solutions. In Salinity in Water Resources (ed. Flack, J. S. and Howe, C. W.). Boulder, Colorado: Merriman.Google Scholar
Khosla, B. K., Gupta, R. K. & Abrol, I. P. (1979). Salt leaching in a saline-sodic soil. Agricultural Water Management 2, 193–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirda, C., Nielsen, D. R. & Biggar, J. W. (1974). The combined effect of infiltration and redistribution on leaching. Soil Science 117, 323–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kovda, V. A. & Szabolcs, I. (1979). Modelling of Soil Salinization and Alkalization, pp. 13–16. Research Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Soil Science, Budapest.Google Scholar
Leffelaar, P. A. & Sharma, R. P. (1977). Leaching of a highly saline-sodic soil. Journal of Hydrology 32, 203–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, R. J., Biggar, J. W. & Nielsen, D. R. (1965). Chloride displacement in Panoche clay loam in relation to water movement and distribution. Water Resources Research 1, 63–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oster, J. D., Willardson, L. S. & Hoffman, G. J. (1972). Sprinkling and ponding techniques for reclaiming saline soils. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 15, 1115–1117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pal, R. & Poonia, S. R. (1982). Predictive approaches for solute movement and soils. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi 41, 117–130.Google Scholar
Richards, L. A. (1954). Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. United States Department of Agriculture, Handbook no. 60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smiles, D. E., Perroux, K. M., Zegelin, S. J. & Raats, P. A. C. (1981). Hydrodynamic dispersion during constant rate absorption of water by soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 45, 453–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smiles, D. E., Phillips, J. R., Knight, J. H. & Elrick, D. E. (1978). Hydrodynamic dispersion during absorption of water by soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 42, 229–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talsma, T. (1967). Leaching of tile-drained saline soils. Australian Journal of Soil Research 5, 37–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Alphen, J. G. (1975). Salt-affected soils in Peru. In Annual Report (ed. Schulze, F. E.), pp. 7–13. Wageningen, The Netherlands: International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement.Google Scholar
Wild, A. & Babiker, I. A. (1976). The asymmetric leaching pattern of nitrate and chloride in a loamy sand under field conditions. Journal of Soil Science 27, 460–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar