Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-9q27g Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T05:45:49.006Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A comparison of physiological and yield characters in old and new wheat varieties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

S. K. Sinha ,
P. K. Aggarwal ,
G. S. Chaturvedi ,
K. R. Koundal  and
R. Khanna-Chopra
S. K. Sinha
Affiliation:
Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
P. K. Aggarwal
Affiliation:
Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
G. S. Chaturvedi
Affiliation:
Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
K. R. Koundal
Affiliation:
Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
R. Khanna-Chopra
Affiliation:
Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The Indian subcontinent has witnessed a spectacular improvement in yield of wheat during the past decade (Rao, 1978). This is reflected in the improvement of the average national yields as well as of those regions where wheat is grown as an irrigated crop (Sinha & Aggarwal, 1981). However, after the release of the double dwarf variety Kalyansona, only marginal improvement in yield has occurred in recent years. Despite this, the semi-dwarf character continues to be considered a major factor for improvement of wheat. Asana & Chattopadhyay (1970), Konar & Asana (1975), and Wattal & Asana (1976) observed no significant difference in yield between tall and semi-dwarf (medium tall) varieties in pot culture experiments where lodging was prevented and competition was partly reduced. They ascribed prevention from lodging and improvement in the ratio of grain to total above-ground dry matter as major advantages in the modern varieties. Somewhat similar conclusions have recently been drawn by Austin et al. (1980). However, a detailed comparison of various physiological and biochemical characters lias not been made to determine whether any advance has occurred in basic processes such as photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation. The present study was an effort in this direction.

Type
Short Note
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 97 , Issue 1 , August 1981 , pp. 233 - 236
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arnon, D. I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 11, 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asana, R. D. & Chattopadhyay, N. C. (1970). Relation of some growth attributes of tall and dwarf wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to their productivity. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 40, 309–317.Google Scholar
Austin, R. B., Binoham, J., Blackwell, R. D., Evans, L. T., Ford, M. A., Morgan, C. L. & Taylor, M. (1980). Genetic improvement in winter wheat yields since 1900 and associated physiological changes. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 94, 675–689.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanemasu, E. T., Thurtwell, G. W. & Tanner, C. B. (1969). Design, calibration and field use of a stomatal diffusion porometer. Plant Physiology 44, 881–885.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klepper, L., Flesher, D. & Hageman, R. H. (1971). Generation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinuoleotide for nitrate reduction in green leaves. Plant Physiology 48, 580–590.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Konar, A. & Asana, R. D. (1975). Effect of plant competition on growth and yield of tall and semidwarf varieties of wheat. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 45(3), 93–97.Google Scholar
Leopold, A. C. & Kriedemann, P. E. (1964). Plant Growth and Development. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrouoh, N. J., Farr, A. L. & Randall, H. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193, 265–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Neales, T. F., Trehabne, K. J. & Wareing, P. F. (1971). A relationship between net photosynthesis, diffusion resistance and carboxylating enzyme activity in bean leaves. In Photosynthesis and Photorespiration (ed. Hatch, M. D., Osmond, C. B. and Ilatyer, R. O.), pp. 89–96. New York: Wiley Interscience.Google Scholar
Novozamsky, T., Vaneck, J. R., Van Schouwenhurc, J. Ch. & Wallinoan, I. (1974). Total nitrogen determination in plant materials by means of indophenol blue method. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 22, 3–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pal, B. P. (1966). Wheat, WAR Crop Cereal Series, no. 1, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Rao, M. V. (1978). Wheat in India. An overview. Wheat Research in India. New Delhi: Indian Council of Agricultural Research.Google Scholar
Rosen, H. (1957). A modified ninhydrin colorimetrio analysis for amino acids. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 67, 10–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shantakumari, P. & Sinha, S. K. (1972). Variation in chlorophylls and photosynthetic rate in cultivars of Bengal Gram (Cicer arietinum L.). Photosynthetica 6, 185.Google Scholar
Silvey, V. (1979). The contribution of new varieties to increasing cereal yield in England and Wales. Journal of the National Institute of Agricultural Botany 14, 367–384.Google Scholar
Sinha, S. K. & Aggarwal, P. K. (1981). Physiological basis of achieving the production potential of wheat in India. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 40. (In the Press.)Google Scholar
Wattal, P. N. & Asana, R. D. (1976). Physiological analysis of the yield of tall, semi-dwarf and dwarf cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Indian Journal of Plant Physiology 19(2), 184–189.Google Scholar