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Ammonia volatilization following surface-applied pig and cattle slurry in France

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

J.-F. Moal
Affiliation:
CEMAGREF, Division Production et Economie Agricoles, 17 avenue de Cucillé, 35044 Rennes, France
J. Martinez
Affiliation:
CEMAGREF, Division Production et Economie Agricoles, 17 avenue de Cucillé, 35044 Rennes, France
F. Guiziou
Affiliation:
CEMAGREF, Division Production et Economie Agricoles, 17 avenue de Cucillé, 35044 Rennes, France
C.-M. Coste
Affiliation:
Centre de Phytopharmacie, Université de Perpignan, 52 avenue de Villeneuve, 66860 Perpignan, France

Summary

Field experiments were carried out in Brittany (Western France) in 1993 to measure ammonia losses from surface-applied pig and cattle slurry. Experiments were conducted on grass, stubble (wheat and maize) and arable land using a wind tunnel system. Ammonia losses were followed during periods ranging from 20 to 96 h after slurry application. Rates of slurry applied varied from 40 to 200 m3/ha. In two experiments, losses from cattle slurry were respectively 75 and 54% of the ammoniacal nitrogen applied in the slurry. Ammonia emissions from pig slurry applied at a rate of 40 m3/ha, during spring and summer experiments, were higher on grass (45–63% of the total ammoniacal nitrogen applied) than on wheat stubble (37–45%). On average, 75% of the total loss in all experiments occurred within the first 15 h after spreading. Significant correlations were found between ammonia losses (kg N/ha) and mean soil temperature and slurry dry matter content (%) using simple linear regressions and stepwise procedures. The time of application was also found to influence the magnitude of ammonia loss: 83% of the total loss occurred within 6 h when the slurry was applied at midday compared with 42% when it was applied in the evening.

Type
Crops and Soils
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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