Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-7drxs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T16:54:15.184Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

RIVOLUZIONI E BUROCRAZIE. QUATTRO CASI A CONFRONTO

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 June 2016

Get access

Introduzione

Uno degli argomenti critici più noti nei confronti delle rivoluzioni è che queste conducono ad un maggior dominio burocratico, reso inevitabile da una nuova centralizzazione del sistema e dall'estensione del controllo statale sull'economia. La tesi della degenerazione burocratica delle rivoluzioni, come formazione di nuove stasi e inflessibilità strutturali capaci di frenarne la spinta propulsiva originaria, è dominante, per esempio, anche nella polemica condotta da molti critici marxisti del sistema sovietico che, da Trockij in poi, sottolineano come questo abbia «tradito» gli ideali della rivoluzione bolscevica.

Type
Saggi
Copyright
Copyright © Società Italiana di Scienza Politica 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Riferimenti bibliografici

In generale :Google Scholar
Arendt, H. (1985 5 ), On Revolution, Harmondsworth, Penguin Books, trad. it. Sulla rivoluzione , Milano, Comunità, 1983.Google Scholar
Bendix, R. (1952), Bureaucracy and the Problem of Power , in Merton, R.K., et. al., Reader in Bureaucracy , New York, The Free Press, pp. 114135.Google Scholar
Bendix, R. (1973), Reflections on Charismatic Leadership , in Bendix, R. et. al., State and Society , Berkeley, University of California Press, pp. 616629.Google Scholar
Blau, P.M. e Meyer, M. W., (1971), Bureaucracy in Modem Society , New York, Random House, trad. it. La burocrazia nella società moderna, Roma, Armando Editore, 19732 .Google Scholar
Bullard, M.R. (1985), China's Political Military Evolution. The Party and the Military in the PRC, 1960-1984 , Boulder and London, Westview Press.Google Scholar
Cavalli, L. (1981), Il capo carismatico , Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Dahl, R.A. e Tufte, E.R. (1973), Size and Democracy , Stanford, Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Dunn, J. (1972), Modern Revolutions , Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Fisichella, D. (1984 2 ), Politica e mutamento sociale , Messina-Firenze, D'Anna.Google Scholar
Fisichella, D. (1987), Totalitarismo. Un regime del nostro tempo , Roma, La Nuova Italia Scientifica.Google Scholar
Greene, T. (1984), Comparative Revolutionary Movements. Search for Theory and Justice , Englewoods Cliffs, Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Gurr, T.R. (1970), Why Men Rebel , Princeton, Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Hermassi, E. (1976), Towards a Comparative Study of Revolutions , in «Comparatives Studies in Society and History», XVIII, pp. 211235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hermet, G. (1973), Les fonctions politiques des organisation religieuses dans les régimes à pluralisme limité , in «Revue Française de Science Politique», XXIII, pp. 439472.Google Scholar
Huntington, S.P. (1968), Political Order in Changing Societies , New Haven, Yale University Press, trad. it. Ordinamento politico e mutamento sociale, Milano, Angeli, 1975.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. (1982), Revolutionary Change , Stanford, Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolkowicz, R. (1985), The Soviet Military and the Communist Party , Boulder, Westview Press.Google Scholar
Leiden, C. e Schmitt, K.M. (1968), The Politics of Violence. Revolution in the Modem World , Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Moore, B. jr. (1966), Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy , Boston, Beacon Press, trad. it. Le origini sociali della dittatura e della democrazia, Torino, Einaudi, 1969.Google Scholar
Morlino, L. (1986), Autoritarismi , in Pasquino, (1986), pp. 137189.Google Scholar
Nadel, M.V. e Rourke, F. (1975), Bureaucracies , in Greenstein, F.I. e Polsby, N.W. (a cura di) Handbook of Political Science, vol. 5: Governmental Institutions and Processes , Reading Addison Wesley, pp. 373440 Google Scholar
Panebianco, A. (1982), Modelli di partito , Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Panebianco, A. (1986), Burocrazie pubbliche , in Pasquino, (1986), pp. 383430.Google Scholar
Pasquino, G. (a cura di) (1986), Manuale di scienza politica , Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Pellicani, L. (1974), Dinamica delle rivoluzioni , Milano, Sugarco.Google Scholar
Sartori, G. (1987), The Theory of Democracy Revisited , Chatham, Chatham House.Google Scholar
Skocpol, T. (1979), States and Social Revolution. A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia and China , Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, trad. it. Stati e rivoluzioni sociali. Un'analisi comparata di Francia, Russia e Cina, Bologna, Il Mulino, 1981.Google Scholar
Skocpol, T. (1988), Social Revolution and Mass Military Mobilization , in «World Politics», XL, pp. 147168. Skocpol, T. e Somers, M. (1980), The Uses of Comparative History in Macrosocial Inquiry, in «Comparative Studies in Society and History», XXII, pp. 174-197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilly, C. (1975), Revolutions and Collective Violence , in Greenstein, F.I. e Polsby, N.W. (a cura di) Handbook of Political Science, vol. 3: Macropolitical Theory , Reading, Addison-Wesley, pp. 483555.Google Scholar
Tilly, C. (1978), From Mobilization to Revolution , Reading (Mass.), Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Weber, M. (1922), Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft , Tübingen, Mohr, trad. it. Economia e società, Milano, Comunità, 19743 .Google Scholar
Algeria :Google Scholar
Bensalah, T. (1979), La République Algérienne , Paris, Librairie Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence.Google Scholar
Calchi Novati, G. (1969), La rivoluzione algerina , Milano, dall'Oglio.Google Scholar
Gordon, D.C. (1966), The Passing of French Algeria , London, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Horne, A. (1980), Storia della guerra d'Algeria, 1954-1962 , Milano, Rizzoli.Google Scholar
Leca, J. e Vatin, J.C (1975), L'Algérie politique. Institutions et régime , Paris, Presses de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques.Google Scholar
Lustick, I. (1985), State-Building Failure in British Ireland and French Algeria , Berkeley, University of California Press.Google Scholar
Ottaway, D. e Ottaway, M. (1970), Algeria: The Politics of a Socialist Revolution , Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quandt, W.B. (1969), Revolution and Political Leadership: Algeria, 1954-1968 , Cambridge, The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Remili, A. (1973), L'administration algérienne , Paris, Institut International d'Administration Publique, Berger-Levrault.Google Scholar
Rogati, E. (1965), La seconda rivoluzione algerina , Roma, Opere Nuove.Google Scholar
Annino, A. (1984), Dall'insurrezione al regime , Milano, Angeli.Google Scholar
Black, J.K. et al. (1976 2 ), Area Handbook for Cuba , Washington, Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data.Google Scholar
Crahan, M.E. (1985), Cuba: Religion and Revolutionary Institutionalization , in «Journal of Latin American Studies», XVII, pp. 319340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Domìnguez, J.I. (1982), The Cuban Army , in Adelman, J.R. (a cura di) Communist Armies in Politcs , Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 4561.Google Scholar
Gonzalez, E. (1974), Cuba Under Castro: The Limits of Charisma , Boston, Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Harnecker, M. (1979), Cuba. Las protagonistas de un nuevo poder , La Habana, Editorial de Ciencias Sociales.Google Scholar
Horowitz, I.L. (1981 5 ), Military Origins and Outcomes of the Cuban Revolution , in Horowitz, I.L. (a cura di), Cuban Communism , New Brunswick and London, Transaction Books, pp. 617654.Google Scholar
LeoGrande, W.M. (1978), A Bureaucratic Approach to Civil-Military Relations in Communist Political Systems: the Case of Cuba , in Herspring, D.R. e Volgyes, I. (a cura di) Civil-Military Relations in Communist Systems , Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 201218.Google Scholar
LeoGrande, W.M. (1980), The Communist Party of Cuba Since the First Congress , in «Journal of Latin American Studies», XII, pp. 397419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mesa-Lago, C. (1977), Cuba in the 1970s. Pragmatism and Institutionalization , Albuquerque, University of New Mexico Press.Google Scholar
Mesa-Lago, C. (1983), La economia en Cuba socialista. Una evaluaciòn de dos décadas , Madrid, Editorial Playor.Google Scholar
San Martin, M. e Bonachea, R. L. (1981 5 ), The Military Dimension of the Cuban Revolution , in Horowitz, I.L. (a cura di), Cuban Communism , New Brunswick and London, Transaction Books, pp. 585616.Google Scholar
Suàrez, A. (1967), Cuba: Castroism and Communism, 1959-1966 , Cambridge, The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Thomas, H. (1973), Storia di Cuba, 1762-1970 , Torino, Einaudi.Google Scholar
Abrahamian, E. (1982), Iran between Two Revolutions , Princeton, Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Afshar, H. (1985), The Army , in Afshar, H. (a cura di) Iran. A Revolution in Turmoil , Albany, State University of New York Press, pp. 175198.Google Scholar
Akhavi, S. (1980), Religion and Politics in Contemporary Iran , Albany, State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Akhavi, S. (1987), Elite Factionalism in the Islamic Republic of Iran , in «The Middle East Journal», XLI, pp. 181201.Google Scholar
Arjomand, S.A. (1981), Sh'ite Islam and the Revolution in Iran , in «Government and Opposition», XVI, pp. 293316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arjomand, S.A. (1986), Iran's Islamic Revolution in Comparative Perspective , in «World Politics», XXXVIII, pp. 383414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakhash, S. (1984a), Sermons, Revolutionary Pamphleteering and Mobilization: Iran, 1978 , in Arjomand, S.A. (a cura di) From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam , Oxford, Macmillan, pp. 177194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakhash, S. (1984b), The Reign of the Ayatollahs. Iran and the Islamic Revolution , New York, Basic Books.Google Scholar
Bill, J.A. (1982), Power and Religion in Revolutionary Iran , in «The Middle East Journal», XXXVI, pp. 2247.Google Scholar
Ebert, H.G. et al. (1987), Die Islamische Republik Iran , Köln, Pahl-Rugenstein.Google Scholar
Fatemi, K. (1982), Leadership by Distrust: The Shah's Modus Operandi , in «The Middle East Journal», XXXVI, pp. 4860.Google Scholar
Fischer, M.M.J. (1980), Iran. From Religions Dispute to Revolution , Cambridge, Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hooglund, E. (1986), Iran 1980-85: Political and Economic Trends , in Keddie, N.R. e Hooglund, E. (a cura di) The Iranian Revolution & the Islamic Republic , Syracuse, Syracuse University Press, pp. 1731.Google Scholar
Keddie, N.R. (1983), Iranian Revolutions in Comparative Perspective , in «American Historical Review», LXXXVIII, pp. 579598.Google Scholar
Pesaran, M.H. (1985), Economic Development and Revolutionary Upheavals in Iran , in Afshar, H. (a cura di) Iran. A Revolution in Turmoil , Albany, State University of N.Y. Press.Google Scholar
Savory, R.M. (1978), Social Development in Iran during the Palhavi Era , in Lenczowski, G. (a cura di) Iran Under The Palhavis , Stanford, Hoover Institution Press, pp. 85127.Google Scholar
Sciolino, E. (1983), Iran's Durable Revolution , in «Foreign Affairs», pp. 893920.Google Scholar
Shafīq, M. (1983), Basic Principles of the Islamic Government , in «Islamic Review», XXII, pp. 2340.Google Scholar
Skocpol, T. (1982), Lo stato «rentier» e l'Islam sciita nella rivoluzione iraniana , in «Rassegna italiana di sociologia», XXIII, pp. 177200.Google Scholar
Terenzoni, A. e Venturi, N. (1980), La Repubblica Islamica dell'Iran , Genova, Alkaest.Google Scholar
Nicaragua :Google Scholar
Booth, J.A. (1985 2 ), The End and the Beginning. The Nicaraguan Revolution , Boulder, Westview Press.Google Scholar
Colburn, F.D. (1985), Nicaragua Under Siege , in «Current History», pp. 105108.Google Scholar
Dodson, M. e Nuzzi O'Shaughnessy, L. (1985), Religion and Politics , in Walker, , (1985), pp. 119143.Google Scholar
Downs, C. (1985), Local and Regional Government , in Walker, , (1985), pp. 4563.Google Scholar
Fagen, R.R. (1983), Revolution and Transition in Nicaragua , in Stanford Central America Action Network (a cura di) Revolution in Central America , Boulder, Westview Press, pp. 439447.Google Scholar
Gorman, S.M. (1981), Power and Consolidation in the Nicaraguan Revolution , in «Journal of Latin American Studies», XIII, pp. 133149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Troncoso, H.C. (1984), Las raices historicas e ideologicas del movimiento sandinista. Antecedentes de la rivolucion nacional y popular nicaraguense, 1927-1979 , Odense, University Press.Google Scholar
Valenta, J. e Valenta, V. (1985), Sandinistas in Power , in «Problems of Communism», XXXIV, pp. 128.Google Scholar
Vilas, M. (1985), El sujeto social de la insurreccion popular: la revolucion sandinista , in «Latin American Research Review», XX, pp. 119145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, T.W. (a cura di) (1985) Nicaragua: the First Five Years , New York, Praeger.Google Scholar
Williams, P.J. (1985), The Catholic Hierarchy in the Nicaraguan Revolution , in «Journal of Latin American Studies», XVII, pp. 341369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar