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Need fulfillment, need importance, and depressive symptoms of residents over the first eight months of living in a nursing home

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2014

Annette F.J. Custers ,
Antonius H.J. Cillessen ,
Gerben J. Westerhof ,
Yolande Kuin  and
J. Marianne Riksen-Walraven
Annette F.J. Custers*
Affiliation:
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Antonius H.J. Cillessen
Affiliation:
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
Gerben J. Westerhof
Affiliation:
Institute for Behavioural Research, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
Yolande Kuin
Affiliation:
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
J. Marianne Riksen-Walraven
Affiliation:
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Annette F.J. Custers, PhD, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Phone: +31-24-3615637; Fax: +31-24-3612698. Email: a.custers@psych.ru.nl.
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Abstract

Background:

Based on self-determination theory and adaptation theories, the study aim was to investigate the relationship between need fulfillment (of autonomy, relatedness, and competence), need importance, and depressive symptoms during the first months of living in a nursing home.

Methods:

Eight-month longitudinal questionnaire study in which 75 persons newly admitted to units for physically frail residents participated at baseline. Twenty-three longitudinal participants were remaining at the third and final measurement wave.

Results:

The results show a main effect of need fulfillment and an interaction effect of need fulfillment and need importance on depressive symptoms over time. A prototypical plot shows that residents with low need fulfillment had higher initial levels of depressive symptoms that decreased modestly over time, regardless of their need importance. Residents with high need fulfillment had lower initial levels of depressive symptoms, but their trajectories differed for participants with low and high need importance. Residents with low need importance started with lower levels of depressive symptoms but remained stable over time, whereas residents with high need importance had more depressive symptoms at T1 that decreased slightly over time.

Conclusions:

In general, depressive symptoms do not change over time. However, individual trajectories of depressive symptoms seem to depend on individual need fulfillment and need importance. The residents that consider need fulfillment to be highly important but experience low need fulfillment had higher initial levels of depressive symptoms that decreased modestly over time, although the level of depressive symptoms remained higher as compared to the other residents.

Keywords

self-determination theorylongitudinal studyadaptation theorynursing homedepressive symptoms
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 26 , Issue 7 , July 2014 , pp. 1161 - 1170
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2014 

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