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A meta-analysis of low-intensity cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions for dementia caregivers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2018

Laura Kaddour ,
Naoko Kishita  and
Anthony Schaller
Laura Kaddour*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Naoko Kishita
Affiliation:
School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Anthony Schaller
Affiliation:
Mid Essex Specialist Dementia and Frailty Service, Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, UK
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Laura Kaddour, Department of Clinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. Phone: 01603 593599; Email: L.Kaddour@uea.ac.uk.
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Abstract

Objectives:

This study aimed to review the effectiveness of low-intensity cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)–based interventions for informal dementia caregivers when compared to non-active control conditions.

Design:

Literature searches were conducted in databases of published (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus) and unpublished (Open Grey, ISRCTN registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, ProQuest) literature. Individual meta-analyses were conducted for each outcome variable. Pooled intervention effect estimates were calculated as Hedge’s g using a random-effects model.

Included studies:

Studies examining the effect of low-intensity CBT-based interventions for informal caregivers for people with any progressive dementia were included. Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials were included.

Measurements:

Outcomes included the psychological variables of anxiety, depression, burden, and distress (defined as stress or strain).

Results:

A total of five studies reported anxiety outcomes, 12 reported on depression, three reported on burden, and six reported distress outcomes. Results demonstrated a significant effect of low-intensity CBT-based interventions in reducing all examined psychological difficulties. Small effect sizes were found for anxiety (g = 0.35), depression (g = 0.27), and distress (g = 0.33). A medium effect was found for burden (g = 0.53).

Conclusions:

The results provide initial support for low-intensity CBT-based interventions for dementia caregivers. Clinical implications and research recommendations are explored. Strengths and limitations of the study are discussed.

Keywords

dementia caregiverscognitive behavioral therapyCBTlow intensityanxietydepressionburdendistress
Type
Review Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 31 , Issue 7: Issue Theme: Diverse Approaches to Stemming Cognitive Decline , July 2019 , pp. 961 - 976
Copyright
© International Psychogeriatric Association 2018 

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