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Characteristic of process analysis on instrumental activities of daily living according to the severity of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults with Alzheimer’s disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 July 2022

Takayuki Tabira Open the ORCID record for Takayuki Tabira [Opens in a new window] ,
Maki Hotta ,
Michio Maruta Open the ORCID record for Michio Maruta [Opens in a new window] ,
Yuriko Ikeda ,
Suguru Shimokihara ,
Gwanghee Han ,
Tomoharu Yamaguchi ,
Hiroyuki Tanaka ,
Tomohisa Ishikawa  and
Manabu Ikeda
Takayuki Tabira*
Affiliation:
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
Maki Hotta
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
Michio Maruta
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Yuriko Ikeda
Affiliation:
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
Suguru Shimokihara
Affiliation:
Doctoral Program of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Health Science, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
Gwanghee Han
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
Tomoharu Yamaguchi
Affiliation:
Department of Rehabilitation, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, 2-12-2, Honmachi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0023, Japan
Hiroyuki Tanaka
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3-7-30, Habikino, Osaka, 583-8555, Japan
Tomohisa Ishikawa
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Arao Kokoronosato Hospital, 1992, Arao-city, Kumamoto, 864-0041, Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8566, Japan Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kuhonji, Kumamoto, 862-0976, Japan
Manabu Ikeda
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Takayuki Tabira, OTR, PhD, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 890-8506, Japan. Phone/fax: +81 99 275 6780. Email: tabitaka@health.nop.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

Objectives:

To clarify the characteristic of impaired and unimpaired Instrumental Activities of daily living (IADL) processes with the severity of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using the Process Analysis of Daily Activity for Dementia (PADA-D).

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

13 medical and care centers in Japan.

Participants:

115 community-dwelling older adults with AD.

Methods:

The severity of cognitive impairment was classified by Mini-Mental State Examination (20 ≥ mild group, 20 < moderate group ≥ 10, 10 < severe group), and IADL scores and eight IADL items in PADA-D were compared among three groups after adjusting for covariates. Rate of five feasible processes included in each IADL of PADA-D was compared.

Results:

IADL score showed a decrease in independence with the severity of AD except for Use modes of transportation and Managing finances, which was especially pronounced in Shopping (F = 25.58), Ability to use the telephone (F = 16.75), and Managing medication (F = 13.1). However, when the PADA-D was examined by process, some processes that were impaired and unimpaired with the severity of cognitive impairment were clear. For example, Plan a meal was impaired (ES = 0.29) with the severity, but Prepare the food was not in Cooking performance.

Conclusions:

We suggested that detailed process analysis in IADLs can clarify the characteristic of processes that are impaired and unimpaired with the severity of cognitive impairment in older adults with AD living in the community. Our findings may be useful for rehabilitation and care in IADL to continue living at home.

Keywords

activities of daily livingcognitive impairmentAlzheimer’s diseaseoccupational therapy
Type
Original Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 36 , Special Issue 3: Issue Theme: Cognitive Trajectories in Later Life: Assessment Instruments and Empirical Data , March 2024 , pp. 188 - 199
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Psychogeriatric Association

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