State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For breaches of treaty obligations — Allegations of inhuman treatment and torture — Arbitrary detention — Obligation to provide effective remedies — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 — Optional Protocol — United Nations Human Rights Committee — Competence to consider communication from complainants abroad

International organization and administration — The United Nations — Other organs of the United Nations — Human Rights Committee — Competence to consider communication from complainants abroad — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 — Optional Protocol

The individual in international law — In general — Human rights and freedoms — Detention incommunicado — Whether conditions of detention amounted to inhuman treatment or torture — Continued detention after having served sentence — Continued detention after having signed document for provisional release — Whether arbitrary detention — Right to review of detention by a competent court — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 — Optional Protocol — United Nations Human Rights Committee — Competence to consider communication from complainants abroad