States as international persons — In general — Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Republic of South Africa Alleged discrimination in visa policy — Act of State — Jurisdiction of New York State Division of Human Rights — The law of the United States

States as international persons — Composite States — Unions of States — Exclusive competence of Federal Government in foreign relations — Decision to permit foreign airline to operate in the United States — Jurisdiction of state courts and executive agencies to intervene — The law of the United States

Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Whether United States Constitution extends to United States citizens in foreign countries tried by courts of the United States — Waiver of jurisdiction over servicemen in foreign countries — Ryukyu Islands — Treaty of Peace with Japan 1951 — The law of the United States

States as international persons — In general — Sovereignty and independence — Conduct of foreign relations — Foreign policy reserved for Federal Government — State courts and state agencies not permitted to intervene in decision to permit foreign airline to operate in United States — South African racial policy — Foreign Act of State — Jurisdiction of New York State Division of Human Rights — The law of the United States