Human rights — Arrest and detention — Conditions of detention — Trial of civilian by military court — Habeas corpus — Fair hearing — Equality of arms — Examination of witnesses — Ill-treatment of detainees — Delay in proceedings — Amnesty — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966

International tribunals — Procedure — United Nations Human Rights Committee — Optional Protocol to International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 — Communication alleging violations of Covenant — Communication submitted by relative of victim — Joinder of victim as co-author of communication after release from prison — Events prior to entry into force of Covenant — State party’s duty to investigate — Exhaustion of domestic remedies — Burden of proof — Sufficiency of State party’s reply — Admissibility ratione materiae and ratione temporis