Jurisdiction — Territorial — Activities by foreign corporation in United States designed to defraud foreigners abroad — Whether within the jurisdiction of the United States courts — Securities transactions — Effects of fraudulent trading — Small group of fundholders in international investment trust United States nationals or residents — Whether sufficient effect within the United States to justify jurisdiction — Personal jurisdiction — Whether United States has power to prescribe conduct of United States citizens abroad — Whether fact that defendant company owned by a United States citizen sufficient

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Customary international law — Enforcement by municipal courts — United States Alien Tort Statute — Violation of the law of nations — Meaning — Whether violation of rule common to the laws of all States a violation of the law of nations — Whether violation must be of a rule applicable between States or between State and foreign national — The law of the United States