State immunity — Head of foreign State — Immunities — Dignity of Head of State — Third party to litigation — Whether Head of foreign State entitled to anonymity — Immunity ratione personae — Whether functional immunity — Obligation to prevent attack on dignity of Head of State — Nature and content of obligation — Comity — Principle of free speech — Whether Head of State entitled to further redaction of judgments — Whether identification of Head of State in judgments breaching United Kingdom international obligations — Section 20 of the State Immunity Act 1978 — Application — Article 29 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 1961 — Diplomatic Privileges Act 1964

Human rights — Freedom of speech — Fair trial — European Convention on Human Rights, Article 6 — Presumption in favour of open justice — Whether duty to protect dignity of foreign Head of State justifying departure from presumption — The law of England