Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-rvbq7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T05:57:24.280Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Storability of five new formulations of Green Muscle® (Metarhizium acridum) under ambient and low temperatures: evaluation of conidial viability and virulence against desert locust nymphs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2013

Mohamed Ould Etheimine ,
Cherif Mohamed Habib Kane ,
Sidi Ould Ely ,
Adama Barry ,
Sid'ahmed Ould Mohamed ,
Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah  and
Mounsif Benchekroun
Mohamed Ould Etheimine*
Affiliation:
Centre National de Lutte Antiacridienne, BP 665, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
Cherif Mohamed Habib Kane
Affiliation:
Centre National de Lutte Antiacridienne, BP 665, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
Sidi Ould Ely
Affiliation:
Centre National de Lutte Antiacridienne, BP 665, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
Adama Barry
Affiliation:
Centre National de Lutte Antiacridienne, BP 665, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
Sid'ahmed Ould Mohamed
Affiliation:
Centre National de Lutte Antiacridienne, BP 665, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah
Affiliation:
Centre National de Lutte Antiacridienne, BP 665, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
Mounsif Benchekroun
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Agro-alimentaire et Santé, Université Hassan 1er, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 577, 2600Settat, Maroc
*
*E-mail: med_etheimine@yahoo.com
Get access

Abstract

The storability of five new different formulations of Metarhizium acridum (two oil, one paste, one semi-solid and one powder) was investigated under ambient and low temperatures. Fourth-instar nymphs of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål) were used to evaluate their virulence. Under ambient conditions (23–38°C), all the formulations maintained acceptable viability (66.1 ± 2.30 to 71.8 ± 0.88% germination) after 6 months of storage. After 10 months, only conidia from the powder formulation remained viable. In contrast, samples of the formulations kept under low temperatures ( − 1.2 to 15°C) did not show significant loss of viability after 30 months of storage despite repeated power cuts, lasting sometimes several days. During this period, M. acridum conidia remained virulent to nymphs with 100% mortality 5 to 7 days after the treatment. These results show that all the formulations have greater stability when stored under low and even fluctuant temperature changes. Under ambient conditions, the formulations could remain effective for at least 6 months of storage.

Keywords

conidial viabilityvirulencestorabilityMetarhizium acridumtemperaturesSchistocerca gregaria
Type
Research Papers
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 33 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 195 - 201
Copyright
Copyright © icipe 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alves, R. T., Bateman, R. P., Gunn, J., Prior, C. and Leather, S. R. (2002) Effects of different formulations on viability and medium-term storage of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia. Neotropical Entomology 31, 91–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bateman, R. P., Carey, M., Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1993) The enhanced infectivity of Metarhizium flavoviride in oil formulations to desert locusts at low humidities. Annals of Applied Biology 122, 145–152.Google Scholar
Couch, T. L. and Ignoffo, C. M. (1981) Formulation of insect pathogens, pp. 621–634. In Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases 1970–1980 (edited by Burges, H. D.). Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2004) Evaluation des données d'essais de terrain sur l'efficacité et la sélectivité des insecticides sur les criquets et les sauteriaux. Rapport à la FAO du groupe consultatif sur les pesticides, 18–21 October 2004, 9-ième réunion Rome.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2007) The future of biopesticides in desert locust management. Report of an International Workshop, 12–15 February 2007, Saly, Senegal. FAO/AGPP, Rome.Google Scholar
Hedgecock, S., Moore, D., Higgins, P. M. and Prior, C. (1995) Influence of moisture content on temperature tolerance and storage of Metarhizium flavoviride in an oil formulation. Biocontrol Science and Technology 5, 371–377.Google Scholar
Hong, T. D., Ellis, R. H. and Moore, D. (1997) Development of a model to predict the effect of temperature and moisture on fungal spore longevity. Annals of Botany 79, 121–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lomer, C. J., Bateman, R. P., Dent, D., De Groote, H., Douro-Kpindou, O.-K., Kooyman, C., Langewald, J., Ouambama, Z., Peveling, R. and Thomas, M. (1999) Development of strategies for the incorporation of biological pesticides into the integrated management of locusts and grasshoppers. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 1, 71–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lutte Biologique contre les Locustes et les Sautériaux (LUBILOSA) (1999) Green Muscle® User Handbook, Version 4. Text: J. Langewald. LUBILOSA.Google Scholar
McClatchie, G., Moore, D., Bateman, R. P. and Prior, C. (1994) Effects of temperature on the viability of the conidia of Metarhizium flavoviride in oil formulations. Mycological Research 98, 749–756.Google Scholar
Moore, D., Bateman, R. P., Carry, M. and Prior, C. (1995) Long-term storage of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia in oil formulations for the control of locusts and grasshoppers. Biocontrol Science and Technology 5, 193–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, D., Douro-Kpindou, O. K., Jenkins, N. E. and Lomer, C. J. (1996) Effects of moisture content and temperature on storage of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia. Biocontrol Science and Technology 6, 51–62.Google Scholar
Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1993) The potential of mycoinsecticides. Biocontrol News and Information 14, 31N–40N.Google Scholar
Morley-Davies, J., Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1996) Screening of Metarhizium and Beauveria spp. conidia with exposure to simulated sunlight and a range of temperatures. Mycological Research 100, 31–38.Google Scholar
Prior, C., Carey, M., Abraham, Y. J., Moore, D. and Bateman, R. P. (1995) Development of a bioassay method for the selection of entomopathogenic fungi virulent to the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål). Journal of Applied Entomology 119, 567–573.Google Scholar
Prior, C., Jollands, P. and Le Patourel, G. (1988) Infectivity of oil and water formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) to the cocoa weevil pest Pantorhytes plutus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 52, 66–72.Google Scholar
Stathers, T. E., Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1993) The effect of different temperatures on the viability of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia stored in vegetable and mineral oils. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 62, 111–115.Google Scholar
Uvarov, B. P. (1966) Grasshoppers and Locusts: A Handbook of General Acridology, Vol. 1: Anatomy, Physiology, Development, Phase Polymorphism, Introduction to Taxonomy. Cambridge University Press, London. 481 pp.Google Scholar
Walsat, J. D., Anderson, R. F. and Stambough, W. J. (1970) Effect of environmental conditions on two species of muscardine fungus (Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 16, 221–226.Google Scholar