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Incidence and distribution of the sorghum head bug, Eurystylus oldi Poppius (Heteroptera: Miridae) and other panicle pests of sorghum in West and Central Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

O. Ajayi ,
H. C. Sharma ,
R. Tabo ,
A. Ratnadass  and
Y. O. Doumbia
O. Ajayi
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, P. M. B. 3491, Kano, Nigeria
H. C. Sharma*
Affiliation:
ICRISAT, Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
R. Tabo
Affiliation:
CRISAT, BP 320, Bamako, Mali
A. Ratnadass
Affiliation:
CRISAT, BP 320, Bamako, Mali
Y. O. Doumbia
Affiliation:
Institut d'Économie Rurale (IER), Sotuba, BP 438, Bamako, Mali
*
Corresponding author: HCS E-mail: icrisat@cgiar.org
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Abstract

The incidence and distribution of the sorghum head bug, Eurystylus oldi Poppius (Heteroptera: Miridae), and other panicle pests of sorghum in research stations and farmers' fields in West and Central Africa (WCA) were assessed from 1985 to 1994. Maximum head bug abundance was observed during the dough stage. Head bug abundance was greater on improved cultivars, while the local guineense sorghums with long glumes were less susceptible, both at the research stations and the farmers' fields. Grain damage was moderate to severe, although farmers were mostly unaware of this insect and its damage potential, because it remains hidden inside the panicle. Sorghum midge (Stenodiplosis sorghicola Coq.) damage was very high on farmer's fields in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria. The shootfly Atherigona soccata Rond., stemborer Busseola fusca Fuller, grasshoppers, spittle bug Locris rubens Erichson, Campylomma spp., Creontiades pallidus Ramb., Agonoscelis spp., head caterpillars Helicoverpa armigera Hub., Pyroderces simplex Wlsm. and Eublemma gayneri Roths., were other insect pests damaging sorghum in the areas surveyed. It is proposed that future efforts in sorghum improvement for WCA should focus on developing cultivars with resistance to sorghum head bugs.

Résumé

L'incidence et la distribution de la punaise du sorgho, Eurystylus oldi Poppius (Heteroptera: Miridae), et des autres ravageurs du panicule du Sorgho ont été évaluées de 1985 à 1994 en stations de recherches et en parcelles paysannes, en Afrique de l'Ouest et Centrale (AOC). L'abondance maximale du miride a été observée pendant le stade pâteux. L'abondance du miride était plus importante sur les cultivars améliorés que sur les sorghos guinéens locaux à longues glumes, aussi bien en stations de recherches qu'en parcelles paysannes. Les dégâts sur graines étaient modérés à sévères bien que les fermiers ignoraient la plupart du temps ces insectes et leurs dégâts potentiels car ils restent cachés dans les panicules. Les dégâts provoqués par le moucheron du Sorgho (Stenodiplosis sorghicola Coq.) étaient très importants dans les parcelles paysannes au Burkina Faso, au Niger et au Nigéria. La mouche du sorgho Atherigona soccata Rond., le foreur des tiges Busseola fusca Fuller, les criquets, le cercopide Locris rubens Erichson, Campylomma spp., Creontiades pallidus Ramb., les chenilles de la noctuelle Helicoverpa armigera Hub., Pyroderces simplex Wlsm. et Eublemma gayneri Roths étaient également des ravageurs responsables de dégâts sur sorgho dans la zone prospectée. On suggère que les futures investigations pour l'amélioration de la culture du Sorgho en OAC pourraient porter sur le développement de cultivare résistants au miride du sorgho.

Keywords

sorghuminsect pestshead bugEurystylus oldiWest Africasorghoinsectes ravageursmirideEurystylus oldiAfrique de l'Ouest
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , June 2001 , pp. 103 - 111
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2001

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References

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