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Impact des cotonniers génétiquement modifiés sur la biodiversité de la faune entomologique: Le cas du coton Bt en Afrique du Sud

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Jean-Luc Hofs ,
At Schoeman ,
Magdel Mellet  and
Maurice Vaissayre
Jean-Luc Hofs
Affiliation:
CIRAD, Département des Cultures Annuelles, Programme Coton, Montpellier, France
At Schoeman
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Magdel Mellet
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Maurice Vaissayre*
Affiliation:
CIRAD, Département des Cultures Annuelles, Programme Coton, Montpellier, France
*
*Email: maurice.vaissayre@cirad.fr
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Abstract

For the last three years, CIRAD (Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, France) and the University of Pretoria led field research to evaluate the impact of transgenic Bt cotton, expressing the Cry1Ac toxin, on arthropod biodiversity in South Africa. The diversity and the density of insect populations were estimated at different crop development stages using traps, sweep-nets, and direct observations on the cotton plants. In untreated plots, the insect diversity in Bt cotton did not show major changes. The toxin was efficient in controlling one of the major bollworm species, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), and reduced the population density of specific larval parasitoids. Predators were present in comparable numbers in both cotton types, except for ladybirds. The toxin did not affect pollinators. In small-scale farming fields, where pesticides are still sprayed for controlling sucking insects, the introduction of Bt cotton did not help meet the expected reduction in insecticide use.

Keywords

Bt cottonCry1Ac toxinimpact studyHelicoverpa armigeranatural enemiespollinatorscoccinellidsSouth Africa
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 25 , Issue 2 , June 2005 , pp. 63 - 72
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2005

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