Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T20:31:52.479Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Development and morphology of the immature stages of the sorghum shootfly, Atherigona soccata Rondani

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

K. Ogwaro  and
E. D. Kokwaro
K. Ogwaro
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
E. D. Kokwaro
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Get access

Abstract

The development and morphology of the immature stages were examined by means of dissections, linear measurements, light and scanning electron microscopy of the egg, the larval instars and the puparium.

The measurements were of body lengths and widths and the lengths of the cephalopharyngeal skeleton. Observations on the morphology of the immature stages concentrated on the surface structure of the egg, the head capsule, the anterior and posterior spiracles, the ventral plate and the cephalopharyngeal skeleton of the different larval instars.

Development and survival of larvae at different growth stages of the sorghum plant were investigated in the laboratory. Survival and rate of larval development were dependent on the size of the host plant. Survival was usually highest when plants about 2 weeks old were infected, low in very young plants and lowest in plants more than 50 days old. Within groups of insects hatched from eggs laid on the same day, the occurrence of various larval instars overlapped. The first instar was found from the 2nd to the 8th day after egg-laying, the second instar from the 4th to the 12th day, and the third instar from the 5th to the 18th day. Pupation started on the 14th day and adults started to emerge on the 21st day.

Keywords

Atherigona soccatadevelopmentsurvivalsorghummorphologyimmature stageshost plant
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 1 , Issue 4 , December 1981 , pp. 365 - 372
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Barry, D., Muhwana, C. D., Opolot, P. A. and Etengu, J. W. (1971) Record of Research Annual Report, E.A.A. F.R.O. East African Community, Nairobi.Google Scholar
Cunliffe, N. and Hodges, D. J. (1946). Studies on Oscinella frit (L). Notes on the resistance of cereals to infestation. Ann. appl. Biol. 33, 339–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deeming, J. C. (1971) Some species of Atherigona Rond. (Diptera: Muscidae) from northern Nigeria, with special reference to those injurious to cereal crops. Bull. ent. Res. 61, 133–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deeming, J. C. (1977) The immature stages of Elachiptereicus abessynicus Becker and Pachylophus lugens lowe (Dip. Chlorophidae). Bull. ent. Res. 67, 325–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jotwani, M. G., Sharma, G. C., Srivastava, B. G. and Marwala, K. K. (1971) Ovipositional response of shootfly, Atherigona v. soccata Rond. on some promising resistant lines of sorghum. In Investigation on Insect Pests of Sorghum and Millets (1965–1970). Final Technical Report, pp. 119–122.Google Scholar
Kundu, G. G. and Kishore, P. (1970). Biology of the shootfly, Atherigona v. soccata Rond. (Athomyiidae: Diptera). Indian J. Ent. 32 (3), 215–217.Google Scholar
Ogwaro, K. (1978) Ovipositional behaviour and host plant preference of the sorghum shootfly, Atherigona soccata Rond. (Dipthera: Anthomyiidae) Ent. expl. appl. 23, 189–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ponnaiya, B. W. X. (1951) Studies in the genus Sorghum: 1. Field obervation on sorghum resistance to the insect pest Atherigona indica Malloch. Madras Univ. J. (B) 21, 96–117.Google Scholar
Southwood, T. R. E. and Jepson, W. F. (1962) Studies in the populations of Oscinella frit L (Diptera: Chloropidae) in the oat crop. J. anim. Ecol. 31, 481–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swaine, G. and Wyatt, C. A. (1954) Observations on the sorghum shootfly. E. Afr. agric. J. 20, 45–49.Google Scholar
Ward, R. D. and Ready, P. A. (1975) Chorionic sculpturing in some sandfly eggs (Diptera: Psychodidae). J. Ent. 50, 127–134.Google Scholar