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Cuticular hydrocarbons of Glossina austeni and G. pallidipes: Similarities between populations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

D. A. Carlson ,
B. D. Sutton  and
U. R. Bernier
D. A. Carlson
Affiliation:
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, P.O. Box 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA
B. D. Sutton
Affiliation:
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Affairs, Division of Plant Industry, Advanced Diagnostics Laboratory and Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
U. R. Bernier
Affiliation:
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, P.O. Box 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA
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Abstract

Wild Glossina austeni and G. pallidipes appear in many different populations. All conspecific flies possess similar surface hydrocarbons that include species-specific contact sex pheromones. Recently, evidence for a contact sex stimulant was found in the surface hydrocarbons extracted from female G. austeni. The bioactive hydrocarbon fraction contained alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons that were separated and analysed by GC/GC-MS. The structure and relative abundances of alkanes and alkenes from several populations of laboratory and wild collected specimens appeared to be similar.

Similarly, the alkanes of conspecific female G. pallidipes from several locations were analysed to determine differences and similarities with older, published work on the sex pheromone of the species. The components were analysed by GC-MS and were very similar across populations. If major components were compared, only minor variation was observed between females from Zimbabwe (wild), Amsterdam, ICIPE/Kenya, Kenya, Tanzania (wild), Uganda/Bristol and Arba Minch/Ethiopia. The absolute meaning of these differences is not known, since the activity of synthetic sex pheromones was shown conclusively against Wageningen and ICIPE males in 1984–1986 tests, although they were less active against Zimbabwe males.

Résumé

Des souches sauvages de mouches tsé-tsé, Glossina austeni et G.pallidipes apparaissent au sein de différentes populations. Toutes les mouches apparentées à une même espèce excrètent des hydrocarbures qui incluent des phéromones sexuelles attractives spécifiques à l'espèce. Récemment, on a démontré l'existence des substances stimulant l'attraction sexuelle dans les excrétions d'hydrocarbures isolés de la paroi externe du corps de la femelle de G. austeni. La fraction bioactive des hydrocarbures contenait des alcanes et des hydrocarbures non saturés qui ont été isolés et analyses par GC/GC-MS. La structure et la quantité relative des alcènes obtenus des specimens de plusieurs populations élevées au laboratoire ou collectées dans la nature comportaient des similarités. De mëme, les alcanes des femelles apparentées à l'espèce de G. pallidipes collectées de diverses localités ont étaient analyses pour en déterminer les différences et les similitudes en comparaison des travaux antérieurs publiés sur les phéromones de cette espèce. Ces composés ont étaient analysés par GC/GC-MS et ils comportaient des similarités au sein des populations. La comparaison de la majorité des composés a montré une variation infime entre les femelles provenant de Zimbabwe (souche type sauvage), d'Amsterdam, de I'ICIPE/Kenya, du Kenya, Tanzanie (type sauvage), Uganda, et de Bristol et Arba en Ethiopie. Le bien-fondé de ces différences n'est pas connu vu que les phéromones sexuelles synthétiques furent définitivement effectives contre les mâles des souches de Wageningen et de I'ICIPE lors des tests effectués en 1984–1986, alors qu'elles étaient moins actives via-à-vis des males provenant de Zimbabwe.

Keywords

tsetse fly populationscompatibilitymatingsurface waxesstimulantspopulations de la mouche tsé-tsécompatibilitéaccouplementexcrétions cireuses externesstimulants
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 20 , Issue 4 , December 2000 , pp. 281 - 294
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2000

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References

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