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Breeding for resistance to Chilo spp. in sugar-cane

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Mohammad Ashraf
Affiliation:
Atomic Energy Agricultural Research Centre, Tandojam, Pakistan
Bilquis Fatima
Affiliation:
Atomic Energy Agricultural Research Centre, Tandojam, Pakistan
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Abstract

Chilo species are the most important stem borers of sugar-cane. They cause heavy losses to sugar-cane crop and continue to suppress yield in the sugar industry. The control of these borer species through insecticides has been difficult as the damaging larvae spend most of their life-cycle within the cane plant. The breeding of borer resistant varieties is an ideal approach for controlling the damage as it does not cost the grower anything extra, is effective at all levels of pest infestation and its effects are cumulative and long lasting in reducing the pest population. Many plant characters such as leaf surface, rind hardness, leaf sheath tightness, fibre content, stalk pith and diameter and plant vigour have been associated with borer resistance. In sugar-cane breeding, the inclusion of borer resistance characters, in addition to many other agronomic characters required of a commercial variety, is rather difficult due to the segregating nature of this plant. Therefore, it is better to use, as parent varieties the few varieties showing marked resistance without knowing the actual reasons of resistance. The joint efforts of sugar-cane breeders and entomologists in production and selection of a large number of seedlings for desired characters can help to solve this problem to a greater extent.

Résumé

Les espèces Chilo sont les insectes térébrante les plus destructeurs qui attaquent la canne à sucre. Elles occasionnment de lourdes pertes la culture de la canne à sucre et continuent à réduire les revenus dans l'industrie sucrière. contrôle Le de ces insectes par l'utilisation d'insecticides a toujours été difficile parce que les larves destructrices passent la plupart de leur vie au sein-même de la plante. La culture des variétés résistant à l'insecte térébrant est une approche idéale pour réduire les dégâts étant donné que ce procédé ne coûte rien de plus au cultivateur; il est, à tous points de vue, efficace contre le ravage que font ces insectes et ses effets sont durables et réduisent la population de ces parasites. La surface des feuilles, la dureté de l'écorce, la consistance de l'enveloppe à feuilles, le contenu de la fibre, la moelle de la tige et le diamètre ainsi que la vitalité de la plante dépendent de la résistance des insectes terebrante. Dans la culture de la canne à sucre, l'introduction des espèces résistant aux insectes térébrante, en plus de beaucoup d'autres propriétés agronomiques requises pour une variété commerciale, est plutôt difficile à cause de la nature exigeante de cette plante. En conséquence, il est préférable d'accepter l'utilisation des variétés parentes, les quelques rares qui font montre d'une résistance remarquable même si on ne connaît pas les vraies raisons de cette résistance. Les efforts conjoints des planteurs de canne à sucre et des entomologistes dans la production et la sélection d'un grand nombre de jeunes plants des espèces désirées peut aider à résoudre ce problème une plus grande échelle.

Type
Breeding and Resistance Genetics
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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