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Classical Biological Control of the Spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell—An Appraisal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

M. Mani  and
A. Krishnamoorthy
M. Mani
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore – 560 089, India
A. Krishnamoorthy
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore – 560 089, India
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Abstract

—Native to the Caribbean islands and Central America, the spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), has spread to North America, South America, Asia, Africa, Australia and several Pacific islands. A total of 62 natural enemies, including 8 parasitoids, 53 predators and one fungal pathogen, are known to attack the whitefly in different countries. Of the parasitoids, the accidentally or deliberately introduced aphelinids Encarsia sp., Encarsia (?) haitiensis Dozier and E. guadeloupae Viggiani provide control of A. dispersus in many countries. The exotic coccinellid predator Nephaspis oculata Wingo also plays an important role in reducing the whitefly's populations. However, the A. dispersus remains a pest in some countries in the absence of parasitoids. This article reviews current information on biological control of A. dispersus in different countries/states, in particular India, the Pacific islands, Hawaii and countries in West Africa.

Résumé

—L'aleurode Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), originaire des îles Cara'ibes et d'Amérique Centrale, a colonise l'Amérique du Nord, l'Amérique du Sud, l'Asie, l'Afrique, l'Australie et plusieurs îles du Pacifique. Au total 62 ennemis naturels comprenant 8 espèces de parasitoi'des, 53 espèces de prédateurs et une espèce de champignon pathogène attaquent l'aleurode dans différents pays. L'introduction accidentelle ou délibérée des parasitoi'des Aphelinidae, Encarsia sp., Encarsia (?) haitiensis Dozier et E. guadeloupae Viggiani a permis de contrôler l'aleurode dans de nombreux pays. La coccinelle exotique Nephaspis oculata Wingo joue également un role important dans le reduction des populations de l'aleurode. Cependant, l'aleurode reste un ravageur important dans quelques pays. Cet article fait le point sur les informations actuelles sur la lutte biologique contre A. dispersus dans différents pays/états, en particulier en Inde, dans les Ties du Pacifique et dans les pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest.

Keywords

biological controlspiralling whiteflyAleurodicus dispersusparasitiodspathogenic fungilutte biologiquel'aleurodeAleurodicus dispersusparasitoi'deschampignon pathogène
Type
Mini Review Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 22 , Issue 4 , December 2002 , pp. 263 - 273
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2002

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