Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-30T16:15:42.384Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A millimeter-wave fundamental and subharmonic hybrid CMOS mixer for dual-band applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 September 2020

Fang Zhu
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems of Ministry of Education, School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
Guo Qing Luo*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems of Ministry of Education, School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
*
Author for correspondence: Guo Qing Luo, E-mail: luoguoqing@hdu.edu.cn

Abstract

This paper proposes and presents a millimeter-wave (MMW) fundamental and subharmonic hybrid mixer in a 65-nm CMOS technology. Based on a hybrid structure with two switching quads and a quasi-diplexer, the proposed circuit can function either as a fundamental mixer (FM) or a subharmonic mixer (SHM) for dual-band applications. An application of the MMW hybrid mixer in a concurrent dual-band receiver is also discussed, which indicates that the proposed mixer can operate at two different MMW frequency bands concurrently as long as the frequency conversion schemes are carefully designed. Measured results show that the 3-dB RF bandwidth of the MMW hybrid mixer ranges from 16 to 35 GHz for the FM mode and 30 to 53 GHz for the SHM mode, respectively.

Type
Frequency Mixers
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Wolf, R, Joram, N, Schumann, S and Ellinger, F (2016) Dual-band impedance transformation networks for integrated power amplifiers. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, 17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malakooti, SA, Hayati, M, Fahimi, V and Afzali, B (2016) Generalized dual-band branch-line coupler with arbitrary power division ratios. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, 10511059.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alqaisy, M, Chakrabraty, C, Ali, J and Alhawari, ARH (2015) A miniature fractal-based dual-mode dual-band microstrip bandpass filter design. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 7, 127133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mondal, S and Paramesh, J (2019) A reconfigurable 28-/37-GHz MMSE-adaptive hybrid-beamforming receiver for carrier aggregation and multi-standard MIMO communication. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 54, 13911406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kijsanayotin, T and Buckwalter, JF (2014) Millimeter-wave dual-band, bidirectional amplifier and active circulator in a CMOS SOI process. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 62, 30283040.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jain, V, Javid, B and Heydari, P (2009) A BiCMOS dual-band millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer for automotive radars. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 44, 21002113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lv, G, Chen, W, Chen, X and Feng, Z (2018) An energy-efficient Ka/Q dual-band power amplifier MMIC in 0.1-μm GaAs process. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 28, 530532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jain, V, Tzeng, F, Zhou, L and Heydari, P (2009) A single-chip dual-band 22-29-GHz/77-81-GHz BiCMOS transceiver for automotive radars. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 44, 34693485.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abdelrheem, TA, Elhak, HY and Sharaf, KM (2003) A concurrent dual-band mixer for 900-MHz/1.8 GHz RF front-ends. IEEE International Midwest Circuits and Systems Symposium 3, 12911294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liang, C-P, Rao, P-Z, Huang, T-J and Chung, S-J (2009) A 2.45/5.2 GHz image rejection mixer with new dual-band active notch filter. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 19, 716718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hwang, YS, Yoo, SS and Yoo, HJ (2005) A 2 GHz and 5 GHz dual-band direct conversion RF frontend for multi-standard applications. IEEE International SOC Conference 189192.Google Scholar
Jackson, BR and Saavedra, CE (2010) A dual-band self-oscillating mixer for C-band and X-band applications. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 58, 318323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Nozahi, M, Amer, A, Sánchez-Sinencio, E and Entesari, K (2010) A millimeter-wave (24/31-GHz) dual-band switchable harmonic receiver in 0.18-μm SiGe process. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 58, 27172730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mazzanti, A, Vahidfar, MB, Sosio, M and Svelto, F (2010) A low phase-noise multi-phase LO generator for wideband demodulators based on reconfigurable sub-harmonic mixers. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 45, 21042115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, F, Wang, K and Wu, K (2019) A reconfigurable low-voltage and low-power millimeter-wave dual-band mixer in 65-nm CMOS. IEEE Access 7, 3335933368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, C, Hou, D, Chen, J and Hong, W (2019) A dual-band switchable MMIC star mixer. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 29, 737740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hashemi, H and Hajimiri, A (2002) Concurrent multiband low-noise amplifiers – theory, design, and applications. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 50, 288301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Y (2017) Adaptive blind postdistortion and equalization of system impairments for a single-channel concurrent dual-band receiver. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 65, 302314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olopade, AO, Hasan, A and Helaoui, M (2013) Concurrent dual-band six-port receiver for multi-standard and software defined radio applications. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 61, 42524261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, W, Hasan, A, Ghannouchi, FM, Helaoui, M, Wu, Y, Yu, C and Liu, Y (2018) Concurrent dual-band low intermediate frequency receiver based on the multiport correlator and single local oscillator. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 28, 353355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kodkani, RM and Larson, LE (2008) A 24-GHz CMOS passive subharmonic mixer/downconverter for zero-IF applications. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 56, 12471256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jen, H, Rose, S and Meyer, R (2006) A 2.2 GHz sub-harmonic mixer for direct conversion receivers in 0.13 μm CMOS. IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Technical Digest 18401849.Google Scholar
Zhu, F, Wang, K and Wu, K (2019) Design considerations for image-rejection enhancement of quadrature mixers. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 29, 216218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, Y, Öjefors, E, Aufinger, K, Meister, TF and Pfeiffer, UR (2012) A 160-GHz subharmonic transmitter and receiver chipset in an SiGe HBT technology. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 60, 32863299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crols, J and Steyaert, MSJ (1998) Low-IF topologies for high-performance analog front ends of fully integrated receivers. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II Analog and Digital Signal Processing 45, 269282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redman-White, W and Leenaerts, DMW (2001) 1/f Noise in passive CMOS mixers for low and zero IF integrated receivers. IEEE European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC) 4144.Google Scholar
Sacchi, E, Bietti, I, Erba, S, Tee, L, Vilmercati, P and Castello, R (2003) A 15 mW, 70 kHz 1/f corner direct conversion CMOS receiver. IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, 459462.Google Scholar
Zhou, S and Chang, MCF (2005) A CMOS passive mixer with low flicker noise for low-power direct-conversion receiver. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 40, 10841093.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wei, HJ, Meng, C, Wu, PY and Tsung, KC (2008) K-band CMOS sub-harmonic resistive mixer with a miniature Marchand balun on lossy silicon substrate. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 18, 4042.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bao, M, Jacobsson, H, Aspemyr, L, Carchon, G and Sun, X (2006) A 9–31-GHz subharmonic passive mixer in 90-nm CMOS technology. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 41, 22572264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar