Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nr4z6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-22T16:22:18.927Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Retreat from multiculturalism: community cohesion, civic integration and the disciplinary politics of gender

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 October 2013

Siobhán Mullally
Siobhán Mullally*
Affiliation:
University College Cork
*
s.mullally@ucc.ie
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The intersections of gender, religion and migration status have attracted only limited commentary to date. The significance of migration status as a marker of gender inequality, and one that further increases the burden of intersecting axes of discrimination, requires further scrutiny. This article examines the rise of civic integration requirements within the European Union and the significance of this rise for religious freedoms and complex ideals of gender equality. Particular attention is given to recent developments in the UK and France in the context of wider debates on immigration and integration policies. Against the background of diminishing sovereignty and the expansion of rights to non-citizens, states are rethinking the significance of citizenship and migration status and the criteria to be applied in determining membership and access to the nation-state. The adoption in France of the Charte des Droits et des Devoirs du Citoyen Français marks a further step in the expansion of integration conditions imposed by states, and signals a continuing willingness to deploy juridical forms to enforce such conditions. Of particular concern to this Special Issue are the implications of civic integration requirements for migrant religious women and for feminist engagement with migration laws and the discourse of rights.

Type
Articles
Information
International Journal of Law in Context , Volume 9 , Special Issue 3: Complex transformations – gender, religious subjectivities and the new politics of belonging , September 2013 , pp. 411 - 428
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Advisory Group On Citizenship (1998) Education for Citizenship and the Teaching of Democracy in Schools: Final Report of the Advisory Group on Citizenship. London: Qualifications and Curriculum Authority.Google Scholar
Appiah, Anthony (2005) The Ethics of Identity. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bowen, John R. (2011) ‘Europeans Against Multiculturalism: Political Attacks Misread History, Target Muslims, and May Win Votes,’ Boston Review, July/August.Google Scholar
Carrera, Sergio (2009) In Search of the Perfect Citizen? The Intersection Between Integration, Immigration, and Nationality in the EU. Leiden/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Carrera, Sergio and Atger, Anais Faure (2011) Integration as a Two-Way Process in the EU? Assessing the Relationship between the European Integration Fund and the Common Basic Principles on Integration. Brussels: Centre for European Policy Studies.Google Scholar
Carrera, Sergio and Wiesbrock, Anja (2010) Whose Citizenship to Empower in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice? The Act of Mobility and Litigation in the Enactment of European Citizenship. Brussels: Centre for European Policy Studies.Google Scholar
Collett, Elizabeth (2008) The EU Immigration Pact: from Hague to Stockholm, via Paris. EPC Policy Brief. Brussels. Available at: <http://kbs-frb.be/uploadedFiles/KBS-FRB/Files/Verslag/EU%20Immigration%20Pact.pdf>..>Google Scholar
Connolly, K. (2010) ‘Germany's Central Bank Decides to Sack Board Member’, The Guardian, 2 September. Available at: <http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/sep/02/germany-central-bank-decide-sack-thilo-sarrazin>..' href=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Connolly,+K.+(2010)+‘Germany's+Central+Bank+Decides+to+Sack+Board+Member’,+The+Guardian,+2+September.+Available+at:+.>Google Scholar
Crowley, J. (1999) ‘The Politics of Belonging: Some Theoretical Considerations’, in Geddes, Andrew and Favell, Adrian (eds.), The Politics of Belonging: Migrants and Minorities in Contemporary Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate Press, 15–41.Google Scholar
Enright, Máiréad (2009) ‘Choice, Culture and the Politics of Belonging: The Emerging Law of Forced and Arranged Marriage,’ Modern Law Review 72(3): 331–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fanning, Bryan and Munck, Ronaldo (eds) (2011) Globalization, Migration and Social Transformation: Ireland in Europe and the World. United Kingdom: Farnham: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Goldsmith, Peter (2008) Citizenship: Our Common Bond. London: Ministry of Justice.Google Scholar
Guild, Elspeth, Groenendijk, Kees and Carrera, Sergio (2009) Illiberal Liberal States: Immigration, Citizenship, and Integration in the EU. Farnham: Ashgate.Google Scholar
Home office (UK Border Agency) (2011) Family Migration: A Consultation. London: Home Office.Google Scholar
Home office (2012) Imigration Rules on Family and Private Life (HC 194): Grounds of Compatibility with Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights. London: Home Office.Google Scholar
Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants (2008) Response to Lord Goldsmith's Citizenship Review Submission. Available at: <http://www.jcwi.org.uk/policy/news/citizenship>..' href=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Joint+Council+for+the+Welfare+of+Immigrants+(2008)+Response+to+Lord+Goldsmith's+Citizenship+Review+Submission.+Available+at:+.>Google Scholar
Joppke, Christian (2004) ‘The Retreat of Multiculturalism in the Liberal State: Theory and Policy,’ British Journal of Sociology 55: 237–57.Google Scholar
Joppke, Christian (2005) ‘Exclusion in the Liberal State: The Case of Immigration and Citizenship Policy,’ European Journal of Social Theory 8(1): 43–61.Google Scholar
Joppke, Christian (2007) ‘Transformation of Immigrant Integration in Western Europe: Civic Integration and Anti-discrimination Policies in the Netherlands, France, and Germany,’ World Politics 59(2): 243–73.Google Scholar
Joppke, Christian (2009) Veil: Mirror of Identity. Cambridge: Polity.Google Scholar
Kirwan, Dina (2007) Becoming a British Citizen: A Learning Journey (pamphlet published for Lord Goldsmith Review of Citizenship). London: Ministry of Justice.Google Scholar
Knop, Karen (2000) International Law Association Committee on Feminism and International Law, Women's Equality and Nationality in International Law: Final Report. London: International Law Association.Google Scholar
Kostakopoulou, Dora (2010) ‘The Anatomy of Civic Integration,’ Modern Law Review 73(6): 933–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kundnani, Arun (2002) ‘The Death of Multiculturalism,’ Race and Class 43(4): 41–60.Google Scholar
Levison, Meira (1997) ‘Liberalism versus Democracy? Schooling Private Citizens in the Public Square,’ British Journal of Political Science 27: 333–60.Google Scholar
Lochak, Danièle (2004) ‘L'intégration, alibi de la précarisation’, Plein Droit 59–60. Available at: <http://www.gisti.org/doc/plein-droit/59-60/alibi.html>..' href=https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pld.059.0059>CrossRef.' href=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Lochak,+Danièle+(2004)+‘L'intégration,+alibi+de+la+précarisation’,+Plein+Droit+59–60.+Available+at:+.>Google Scholar
Marshall, Jill (2008) ‘Conditions for Freedom? European Human Rights Law and the Islamic Headscarf Debate,’ Human Rights Quarterly 30(3): 631–54.Google Scholar
McGoldrick, Dominic (2006) Human Rights and Religion: the Islamic Headscarf Debate in Europe. Oxford: Hart.Google Scholar
MIPEX (Migrant Policy Group and British Council (2011) Migrant Integration Policy Index III: France. Available at: <http://www.mipex.eu/france>..>Google Scholar
Morano-Foadi, Sonia and Andreadakis, Stelios (2011) ‘The Convergence of the European Legal System in the Treatment of Third Country Nationals in Europe: The ECJ and ECtHR Jurisprudence,’ European Journal of International Law 22(4): 1071–88.Google Scholar
Modood, T. (2012) Post-Immigration ‘’Difference” and Integration: The Case of Muslims in Western Europe. London: The British Academy.Google Scholar
Mullally, Siobhán (2008) ‘Migrant Women Destabilising Borders: Citizenship Debates in Ireland’, in Cooper, Davina and Grabham, Emily (eds), Intersectionality and Beyond: Law, Power and the Politics of Location London: Routledge, 251–70.Google Scholar
Parekh, Bikhu (2005) Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Runnymede trust (2000) The Future of Multi-Ethnic Britain: The Parekh Report. London: Profile Books.Google Scholar
Sen, Amartya (2006) ‘The Uses and Abuses of Multiculturalism’, New Republic, 9 February, 6–10.Google Scholar
Sunder, Madhavi (2003) ‘Piercing the Veil,’ Yale Law Journal 112(6): 1399–472.Google Scholar
Van Oers, Ricky, Ersbøll, Eva and Kostakopoulou, Dora (2010) A Re-definition of Belonging? Language and Integration Tests in Europe. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volpp, Leti (2007) ‘The Culture of Citizenship,’ Theoretical Inquiries in Law 8(2): 571–601.Google Scholar
Weaver, Matthew (2010) ‘Angela Merkel: German Multiculturalism Has “Utterly ”Failed”’, The Guardian, 17 October. Available at: <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/oct/17/angela-merkel-german-multiculturalism-failed>..>Google Scholar
Wiesbrock, Anja (2010) ‘The Right to Family Reunification of Third-Country Nationals under EU Law; Decision of 4 March 2010, Case C-578/08, Rhimou Chakroun v. Minister van Buitenlandse,’ European Constitutional Law Review 6: 462–80.Google Scholar
Young, Iris Marion (2000) Inclusion and Democracy. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Yuval-Davis, Nira and Kofman, Eleonore (2005) ‘Secure Borders and Safe Haven and the Gendered Politics of Belonging: Beyond Social Cohesion’, Ethnic and Racial Studies 28: 513–35.Google Scholar