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Understanding antibiotic prophylaxis prescribing in pediatric surgical specialties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 April 2020

Sara M. Malone Open the ORCID record for Sara M. Malone [Opens in a new window] ,
Natalie S. Seigel ,
Jason G. Newland ,
Jacqueline M. Saito  and
Virginia R. McKay
Sara M. Malone*
Affiliation:
Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
Natalie S. Seigel
Affiliation:
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Jason G. Newland
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
Jacqueline M. Saito
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
Virginia R. McKay
Affiliation:
Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
*
Author for correspondence: Sara Malone, E-mail: sara.malone@wustl.edu
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Abstract

Background:

Overuse of antibiotics has caused secondary poor outcomes and has led to a current rate of antibiotic resistant infections that constitutes a public health crisis. In pediatric surgical specialties, children continue to receive unnecessary antibiotics.

Objective:

To understand the factors that contribute to pediatric surgeons’ decisions regarding the use of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.

Methods:

Focus groups included pediatric proceduralists/surgeons from the following specialties: interventional cardiology, otolaryngology, orthopedic surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, and general surgery.

Results:

A total of 23 surgeons with a median of 9 years of experience (range, 0.5–29 years) participated in the focus groups that lasted 30–90 minutes each. Five themes emerged influencing beliefs about antibiotic prescribing practices: (1) reliance on previous experience and early education, (2) balancing antibiotic use with risk of infection, (3) uncertainty about the state of the scientific evidence, (4) understanding importance of communication and team collaboration, and (5) a prevalence of hospital-level concerns.

Conclusions:

Surgeons describe a complex set of factors that impact their antibiotic prescribing in pediatric surgical cases. They reported initial, but not ongoing, training and a use of individual weight of risk and benefit as a major dictator of prescribing practices. Antimicrobial stewardship programs should work with surgeons to develop acceptable implementation strategies to optimize antibiotic prescribing.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 41 , Issue 6 , June 2020 , pp. 666 - 671
Copyright
© 2020 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved.

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