Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T22:39:50.967Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pertussis: A Continuing Hazard for Healthcare Facilities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

David J. Weber  and
William A. Rutala
David J. Weber*
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina(UNO School of Medicine, and the Department of Hospital Epidemiology, UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
William A. Rutala
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina(UNO School of Medicine, and the Department of Hospital Epidemiology, UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
*
Pediatrics, and Epidemiology, CB #7030 Burnett-Womack, 547, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7030
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Editorial
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 22 , Issue 12 , December 2001 , pp. 736 - 740
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2001

References

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Summary of notifiable diseases, United States, 1999. MMWR 1999;48:1–101.Google Scholar
2. Herrera, GA, Smith, P, Daniels, D, Klevens, RM, Coronado, V, McCauley, M, et al. National, state, and urban area vaccination coverage levels among children aged 19-35 months: United States, 1998. MMWR 2000;49(9):1–23.Google Scholar
3. Martinez, SM, Kemper, CA, Haiduven, D, Cody, SH, Deresinski, SC. Azithromycin prophylaxis during a hospitalwide outbreak of a pertussislike illness. Infect Control Hasp Epidemiol 2001;22:781–783.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Jenkinson, D. Duration of effectiveness of pertussis vaccine: evidence from a 10 year community study. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988;296:612–614.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. He, Q, Viljanen, MK, Nikkari, S, Lyytikainen, R, Mertsola, J. Outcomes of Bordetella pertussis infection in different age groups of an immunized population. J Infect Dis 1994;170:873–877.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Guris, D, Strebel, PM, Bardenheier, B, Brennan, M, Tachdjian, R, Finch, E, et al. Changing epidemiology of pertussis in the United States: increasing reported incidence among adolescents and adults, 1990-1996. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:1230–1237.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7. Yih, WK, Lett, SM, des Vignes, FN, Garrison, KM, Sipe, PL, Marchant, CD. The increasing incidence of pertussis in Massachusetts adolescents and adults, 1989-1998. J Infect Dis 2000;182:1409–1416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Cherry, JD. Epidemiology, clinical, and laboratory aspects of pertussis in adults. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28(suppl 2):S112–S117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Wright, SW. Pertussis infection in adults. South Med J 1998;91:702–708.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Senzilet, LD, Halperin, SA, Spika, JS, Alagaratnam, M, Morris, M, Smith, B. Pertussis is a frequent cause of prolonged cough illness in adults and adolescents. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:1691–1697.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11. Birkebaek, NH. Bordetella pertussis in the aetiology of chronic cough in adults: diagnostic methods and clinic. Dan Med Bull 2001;48:77–80.Google ScholarPubMed
12. Mink, CM, Cherry, JD, Christenson, P, Lewis, K, Pineda, E, Shlian, D, et al. A search for Bordetella pertussis infection in university students. Clin Infect Dis 1992;14:464–471.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. Rosenthal, S, Strebel, P, Cassiday, P, Sanden, G, Brusuelas, K, Wharton, M. Pertussis infection among adults during the 1993 outbreak in Chicago. J Infect Dis 1995;171:1650–1652.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14. Wright, SW, Edwards, KM, Decker, MD, Zeldin, MH. Pertussis infection in adults with persistent cough. JAMA 1995;273:1044–1046.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15. Nennig, ME, Shinefield, HR, Edwards, KM, Black, SB, Fireman, BH. Prevalence and incidence of adult pertussis in an urban population. JAMA 1996;275:1672–1674.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Edwards, KM. Is pertussis a frequent cause of cough in adolescents and adults? Should routine pertussis immunization be recommended? Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:1698–1699.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17. Halperin, SA, Wang, EE, Law, B, Mills, E, Morris, R, Dery, P, et al. Epidemiology features of pertussis in hospitalized patients in Canada, 1991-1997: report of the Immunization Monitoring Program—Active (IMPACT). Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:1238–1243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Postels-Multani, S, Schmitt, HJ, Wirsing von Konig, CH, Bock, HL, Bogaerts, H. Symptoms and complications of pertussis in adults. Infection 1995;23:139–142.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. De Serres, G, Shadmani, R, Duval, B, Boulianne, N, Dery, P, Douville Fradet, M, et al. Morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults. J Infect Dis 2000;182:174–179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Christie, CD, Baltimore, RS. Pertussis in neonates. Am J Dis Child 1989;143:1199–1202.Google ScholarPubMed
21. Black, S. Epidemiology of pertussis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997;16(suppl 4):S85–S89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Haiduven, DJ, Hench, CP, Simpkins, SM, Stevens, DA. Standardized management of patients and employees exposed to pertussis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1998;19:861–864.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23. Weber, DJ, Rutala, WA, Kanoy, C, Consoli, S. Infectious disease exposure evaluations at a university hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000;21:141. Abstract.Google Scholar
24. Wright, SW, Decker, MD, Edwards, KM. Incidence of pertussis infection in healthcare workers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999;20:120–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25. Altemeier, WA, Ayoub, EM. Erythromycin prophylaxis in pertussis. Pediatrics 1977;59:623–625.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Kurt, TL, Yeager, AS, Guenette, S, Dunlop, S. Spread of pertussis by hospital staff. JAMA 1972;221:264–267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27. Linnetnann, CC Jr, Ramundo, N, Perlstein, PH, Minton, SD, Englender, GS. Use of pertussis vaccine in an epidemic involving hospital staff. Lancet 1975;2:540–543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28. Valenti, WM, Pincus, PH, Messner, MK. Nosocomial pertussis: possible spread by a hospital visitor. Am J Dis Child 1980;134:520–521.Google ScholarPubMed
29. Halsey, NA, Welling, MA, Lehman, RM. Nosocomial pertussis: a failure of erythromycin treatment and prophylaxis. Am J Dis Child 1980;134:521–522.Google ScholarPubMed
30. Fisher, MC, Long, SS, McGowan, KL, Kaselis, E, Smith, DG. Outbreak of pertussis in a residential facility for handicapped people. J Pediatr 1989;114:934–939.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31. Addiss, DG, Davis, JP, Meade, BD, Burstyn, DG, Meissner, M, Zastrow, JA, et al. A pertussis outbreak in a Wisconsin nursing home. J Infect Dis 1991;164:704–710.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32. Tanaka, Y, Fujinaga, K, Goto, A, Iwai, H, Aoyama, T, Murase, Y, et al. Outbreak of pertussis in a residential facility for handicapped people. Devel Biol Stand 1991;73:329–332.Google Scholar
33. Christie, CD, Glover, AM, Willke, MJ, Marx, ML, Reising, SF, Hutchinson, NM. Containment of pertussis in the regional pediatric hospital during the Greater Cincinnati epidemic of 1993. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1995;16:556–563.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34. Matlow, AG, Nelson, S, Wray, R, Cox, P. Nosocomial acquisition of pertussis diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997;18:715–716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35. Nouvellon, M, Gehanno, JF, Pestel Caron, M, Weber, C, Lemeland, JF, Guiso, N. Usefulness of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in assessing nosocomial transmission of pertussis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999;20:758–760.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36. Bolyard, EA, Tablan, OC, Williams, WW, Pearson, ML, Shapiro, CN, Deitchmann, D. Guideline for infection control in healthcare personnel, 1998. Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1998;19:407–463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37. Weber, DJ, Rutala, WA. Management of healthcare workers exposed to pertussis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1994;15:411–415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38. Aintablian, N, Walpita, P, Sawyer, MH. Detection of Bordetella pertussis and respiratory syncytial virus in air samples from hospital rooms. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1998;19:918–923.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
39. Muller, FM, Hoppe, JE, Wirsing von Konig, CH. Laboratory diagnosis of pertussis: state of the art in 1997. J Clin Microbiol 1997;35:2435–2443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
40. Kerr, JR, Matthews, RC. Bordetella pertussis infection: pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and the role of protective immunity. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2000;19:77–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
41. Hallander, HO. Microbiological and serological diagnosis of pertussis. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28(suppl 2):S99–S106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
42. Kosters, K, Riffelmann, M, Dohrn, B, von Konig, CH. Comparison of five commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to Bordetella pertussis . Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2000;7:422–426.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
43. Lind-Brandberg, L, Welinder-Olsson, C, Lagergard, T, Taranger, J, Trollfors, B, Zackrisson, G. Evaluation of PCR for diagnosis of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis infections. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:679–683.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
44. Heininger, U, Schmidt-Schlapfer, G, Cherry, JD, Stehr, K. Clinical validation of a polymerase chain reaction assay for the diagnosis of pertussis by comparison with serology, culture, and symptoms during a large pertussis vaccine efficacy trial. Pediatrics 2000;105:E31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
45. Dennehy, PH. Active immunization in the United States: developments over the past decade. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001;14:872–908.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
46. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pertussis vaccination: use of acellular pertussis vaccines among infants and children. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR 1997;46(RR-7):1–25.Google Scholar
47. Cherry, JD. Comparative efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccines: an analysis of recent trials. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997;16:S90–S96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
48. Heininger, U. Recent progress in clinical and basic pertussis research. Eur J Pediatr 2001;160:203–213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
49. Decker, MD, Edwards, KM. Acellular pertussis vaccines. Pediatr Clin North Am 2000;47:309–335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
50. Schleiss, MR, Dahl, K. Acellular pertussis vaccines. Curr Probl Pediatr 2000;30:181–201.Google ScholarPubMed
51. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommended childhood immunization schedule—United States, 2001. MMWR 2001;50:7–10,19.Google Scholar
52. Keitel, WA, Muenz, LR, Decker, MD, Englund, JA, Mink, CM, Blumberg, DA, et al. A randomized clinical trial of acellular pertussis vaccines in healthy adults: dose-response comparisons of 5 vaccines and implications for booster immunization. J Infect Dis 1999;180:397–403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
53. Halperin, SA, Smith, B, Russell, M, Hasselback, P, Guasparini, R, Skowronski, D, et al. An adult formulation of a five-component acellular pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids is safe and immunogenic in adolescents and adults. Vaccine 2000;18:1312–1319.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
54. Rothstein, EP, Anderson, EL, Decker, MD, Poland, GA, Reisinger, KS. An acellular pertussis vaccine in healthy adults: safety and immunogenicity. Pennridge Pediatric Associates. Vaccine 1999;17:2999–3006.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
55. Van der Wielen, M, Van Damme, P, Joossens, E, Francois, G, Meurice, F, Ramalho, A. A randomized controlled trial with a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (dTpa) vaccine in adults. Vaccine 2000;18:2075–2082.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
56. Tran Minh, NN, He, Q, Edelman, K, Putto-Laurila, A, Arvilommi, H, Viljanen, MK, et al. Immune responses to pertussis antigens eight years after booster immunization with acellular vaccines in adults. Vaccine 2000;18:1971–1974.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
57. Turnbull, FM, Heath, TC, Jalaludin, BB, Burgess, MA, Ramalho, AC. A randomized trial of two acellular pertussis vaccines (dTpa and pa) and a licensed diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (Td) in adults. Vaccine 2000;19:628–636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
58. Gardner, P. Implications for acellular pertussis vaccines in adults: the case for selective, rather than universal, recommendations. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28(suppl 2):S131–S135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
59. Gardner, P. Issue related to the decennial tetanus-diphtheria toxoid booster recommendations in adults. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2001;15:143–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
60. Campins-Marti, M, Cheng, HK, Forsyth, K, Guiso, N, Halperin, S, Huang, LM, et al. Recommendations are needed for adolescent and adult pertussis immunization: rationale and strategies for consideration. Vaccine 2001;20:641–646.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
61. Shefer, A, Dales, L, Nelson, M, Werner, B, Baron, R, Jackson, R. Use and safety of acellular pertussis vaccine among adult hospital staff during an outbreak of pertussis. J Infect Dis 1995;171:1053–1056.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
62. Christie, CD, Garrison, KM, Kiely, L, Gupta, RK, Heubi, J, Marchant, CD. A trial of acellular pertussis vaccine in hospital workers during the Cincinnati pertussis epidemic of 1993. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:997–1003.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
63. Orenstein, WA. Pertussis in adults: epidemiology, signs, symptoms, and implications for vaccination. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28(suppl 2):S147–S150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
64. Mooi, FR, van Oirschot, H, Heuvelman, K, van der Heide, HG, Gaastra, W, Willems, RJ. Polymorphism in the Bordetella pertussis virulence factors P.69/pertactin and pertussis toxin in The Netherlands: temporal trends and evidence for vaccine-driven evolution. Infect Immun 1998;66:670–675.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
65. Mooi, FR, He, Q, van Oirschot, H, Mertsola, J. Variation in the Bordetella pertussis virulence factors pertussin toxin and pertactin in vaccine strains and clinical isolates in Finland. Infect Immun 1999;67:3133–3134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
66. Mastrantonio, P, Spigaglia, P, van Oirschot, H, van der Heide, HG, Heuvelman, K, Stefanelli, P, et al. Antigenic variants in Bordetella pertussis strains isolated from vaccinated and unvaccinated children. Microbiology 1999;145:2069–2075.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
67. Cassiday, P, Sanden, G, Heuvelman, K, Mooi, F, Bisgard, KM, Popovic, T. Polymorphism in Bordetella pertussis pertactin and pertussis toxin virulence factors in the United States, 1935-1999. J Infect Dis 2000;182:1402–1408.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
68. Mooi, FR, van Loo, IH, King, AJ. Adaptation of Bordetella pertussis to vaccination: a cause for its reemergence? Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7(suppl 3):526–528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
69. Makinen, J, Viljanen, MK, Mertsola, J, Arvilommi, H, He, Q. Rapid identification of Bordetella pertussis pertactin gene variants using lightcycler real-time polymerase chain reaction combined with melting curve analysis and gel electrophoresis. Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7:952–958.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
70. Hoppe, JE, Bryskier, A. In vitro susceptibilities of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis to two ketolides (HMR 3004 and HMR 3647), four macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin A, and roxithromycin) and two ansamycins (rifampin and rifapentine). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998;42:965–966.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
71. Brett, M, Short, P, Beatson, S. The comparative in-vitro activity of roxithromycin and other antibiotics against Bordetella pertussis . J Antimicrob Chemother 1998;41(suppl B):23–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
72. Gordon, KA, Fusco, J, Biedenbach, DJ, Pfaller, MA, Jones, RN. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of Bordetella pertussis from Northern California: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001;45:3599–3600.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
73. American Academy of Pediatrics. Pertussis. In: Pickering, LK, ed. 2000 Red Book: Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 25th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2000:435–448.Google Scholar
74. The choice of antibacterial drugs. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2001;43:69–78.Google Scholar
75. Kerr, JR, Preston, NW. Current pharmacotherapy of pertussis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2001;2:1275–1282.Google ScholarPubMed
76. Irwin, RS, Madison, JM. The diagnosis and treatment of cough. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1715–1721.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
77. Wirsing von Konig, CH, Postels-Multani, S, Bock, HL, Schmitt, HJ. Pertussis in adults: frequency of transmission after household exposure. Lancet 1995;346:1326–1329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
78. Wirsing von Konig, CH, Postels-Multani, S, Bogaerts, H, Bock, HL, Laukamp, S, Kierderle, S, et al. Factors influencing the spread of pertussis in households. Eur J Pediatr 1998;157:391–394.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
79. Halperin, SA, Bortolussi, R, Langley, JM, Eastwood, BJ, de Serres, G. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of erythromycin estolate chemo-prophylaxis for household contacts of children with culture-positive Bordetella pertussis infection. Pediatrics 1999;104:E42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
80. Steketee, RW, Wassilak, SG, Adkins, WN Jr, Burstyn, DG, Manclark, CR, Berg, J, et al. Evidence for a high attack rate and efficacy of erythromycin prophylaxis in a pertussis outbreak in a facility for the developmentally disabled. J Infect Dis 1988;157:434–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
81. Dodhia, H, Miller, E. Review of the evidence for the use of erythromycin in the management of persons exposed to pertussis. Epidemiol Infect 1998;120:143–149.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
82. Lewis, K, Saubolle, MA, Tenover, FC, Rudinsky, MF, Barbour, SD, Cherry, JD. Pertussis caused by an erythromycin-resistant strain of Bordetella pertussis . Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995;14:388–391.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
83. Korgenski, EK, Daly, JA. Surveillance and detection of erythromycin resistance in Bordetella pertussis isolates recovered from a pediatric population in the Intermountain West region of the United States. J Clin Microbiol 1997;35:2989–2991.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
84. Hoppe, JE, Halm, U, Hagedorn, HJ, Kraminer-Hagedorn, A. Comparison of erythromycin ethylsuccinate and co-trimoxazole for treatment of pertussis. Infection 1989;17:227–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
85. Aoyama, T, Sunakawa, K, Iwata, S, Takeuchi, Y, Fujii, R. Efficacy of short-term treatment of pertussis with clarithromycin and azithromycin. J Pediatr 1996;129:761–764.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
86. Halperin, SA, Bortolussi, R, Langley, JM, Miller, B, Eastwood, B. Seven days of erythromycin estolate is as effective as fourteen days for the treatment of Bordetella pertussis infections. Pediatrics 1997;100:65–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed