Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-jbqgn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-01T04:40:56.436Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Molecular Heterogeneity of Acinetobacter baumanii Isolates During Seasonal Increase in Prevalence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Celia Christie
Affiliation:
Divisions of Infectious Diseases and, Hospital Epidemiology, New Haven, Connecticut
Dorothy Mazon
Affiliation:
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), New Haven, Connecticut
Walter Hierholzer Jr.
Affiliation:
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), New Haven, Connecticut
Jan Evans Patterson
Affiliation:
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), New Haven, Connecticut

Abstract

Objective:

To study the epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumanii during a period of increased seasonal prevalence.

Design:

Descriptive molecular and clinical epidemiologic study of A baumanii isolates from 1990 through 1992.

Setting:

A 770-bed urban, acute, tertiary-care university hospital.

Results:

During 1990 through 1992, the rate of A baumanii isolations was 30.4 per 1,000 culture isolations during the summer, compared to 12.6 per 1,000 culture isolations during the fall, winter, and spring (P<.000001). There were 320 isolates identified among 260 patients during this time. Eighty-one patients with isolates available were identified for evaluation; they ranged in age from 2 months to 95 years. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing showed that 59 (83%) of 71 typed isolates had distinct PFGE patterns. There were three small clusters of isolates with the same PFGE patterns, suggesting cross-transmission in those instances.

Conclusions:

A seasonally increased prevalence of A baumanii largely associated with device-related nosocomial infections in severely ill patients was noted over a 3-year period. Although there were isolated instances of cross-transmission, most isolates had distinct PFGE patterns. Clonal dissemination of a single strain was not responsible for the seasonal increased prevalence of A baumanii. PFGE typing was useful in directing control efforts.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Semiannual report. Summary of NNIS data. May 1993, p 5.Google Scholar
2. Smith, PW, Massanari, RM. Room humidifiers as the source of acinetobacter infections. JAMA 1977;237:795797.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Sheretz, RJ, Sullivan, M. An outbreak of infections with Acinetobacter baumanii in burn patients: contamination of patients' mattresses. J Infect Dis 1985;151:252258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Abrutyn, E, Goodhart, GL, Roos, K, Anderson, R, Buxton, A. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus outbreak associated with peritoneal dialysis. Am J Epidemiol 1978;107:328335.Google Scholar
5. Patterson, JE, Vecchio, J, Pantelick, E, et al. Association of contaminated gloves with transmission of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus in an intensive care unit. Am J Med 1991;91:479483.Google Scholar
6. Bouvet, PJM, Jeanjean, S, Vieu, JF, Dijkshoorn, L. Species, bio-type and bacteriophage type determinations compared with cell envelope protein profiles for typing Acinetobacter strains. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28:170176.Google Scholar
7. Towner, KJ, Chopade, BA. Biotyping of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus using API zone system. J Hosp Infect 1987;10:145151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Traub, WH. Acinetobacter baumannii serotyping for delineation of outbreaks of nosocomial cross-infection. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27:27132716.Google Scholar
9. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. M7-T2. Villanova, PA: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 1988.Google Scholar
10. Garner, JS, Jarvis, WR, Emori, TG, Horan, TC, Hughes, JM. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. Am J Infect Control 1988;16:128140.Google Scholar
11. Smith, CL, Cantor, CR. Purification, specific fragmentation and separation of large DNA molecules. Methods Enzymology 1987;155:449467.Google Scholar
12. Murray, BE, Singh, KV, Heath, JD, Sharma, BR, Weinstock, GM. Comparison of genomic DNAs of different enterococcal isolates using restriction endonuclease with infrequent recognition sites. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28:20592063.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. Centers for Disease Control. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus: a nosocomial pathogen with an unusual seasonal pattern. J Infect Dis 1979;139:371375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Ramphal, R, Kluge, RM. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus: an increasing nosocomial problem. Am J Med Sci 1979;277:5766.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15. Edberg, SC, Patterson, JE, Smith, DB. Differentiation of distribution systems, source water, and clinical coliforms by DNA analysis. J Clin Microbiol 1994;32:139142.Google Scholar
16. Glew, RH, Moellering, RC Jr Kunz, LJ. Infections with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus clinical and laboratory studies. Medicine 1977;56:7997.Google Scholar
17. Murray, BE, Moellering, RC Jr Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumanii: explanation for high-level aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1979;15:190199.Google Scholar
18. Devaud, M, Kayser, FG, Bachi, B. Transposon-mediated multiple antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1982;22:323329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. Gouby, A, Carles-Nurit, MJ, Bouziges, N, Bourg, G, Mesnard, R, Bouvet, PJ. Use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for investigation of hospital out breaks of Acinetobacter baumanii . J Clin Microbiol 1992;30(6):15881591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Kropec, A, Hubner, J, Daschner, FD. Comparison of three typing methods in hospital outbreaks of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus . J Hosp Infect 1993;23(2):133141.Google Scholar
21. Struelens, MJ, Carlier, E, Maes, N, Serruys, E, Quint, WJ, van Belkum, A. Nosocomial colonization and infection with multiresistant Acinetobacter baumanii: outbreak delineation using macrorestriction analysis and PCR-fingerprinting. J Hosp Infect 1993;25(1):1532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar