¹ Interestingly, the – to my mind – best analyses of the appeal of global constitutionalism have been in the context of the constitutionalization of specific areas of public international law, rather than of the field as a whole. See Dunoff, Jeffrey L., Constitutional Conceits: The WTO's ‘Constitution’ and the Discipline of International Law, 17 European Journal of International law (EJIL) 647–675 (2006); Daniel Bodansky, Is there an International Environmental Constitution?, (2009) 16 Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 574–584; Deborah Cass, The Constitutionalization fo the World Trade Organization (2005).Google Scholar

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¹³ See for example Wet, Erika de, The Emergence of International and Regional Value Systems as a Manifestation of the Emerging International Constitutional Order, 19 LJIL 611–632 (2006). Other authors that could be categorized here include Angelika Emmerich-Fritsche, Vom Völkerrecht zum Weltrecht (From International Law to World Law) (2007); Michael Byers, 'Conceptualising the Relationship between Jus Cogens and Erga Omnes Rules, 66 Nordic Journal of International Law 220 (2007).Google Scholar

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¹⁵ See e.g. Held, David, Democracy and the Global Order: From the Modern State to Cosmopolitan Governance 267 (1995); Anne-Marie Slaughter, A New World Order (2004).Google Scholar

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²² David Kennedy refers to a “porous boundary” in The Forgotten Politics of International Governance, 6 European Human Rights law Review 117,120 (2001).Google Scholar

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²⁷ Slaughter, supra note 15, first introduced the term of the “disaggregated state.”Google Scholar

²⁸ For an analysis of the public nature of global governance, see Bogdandy, Armin von, Developing the Publicness of Public International Law: Towards a Legal Framework for Global Governance Activities, 9 German law Journal 1375 (2009).Google Scholar

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³⁰ It appears that this is by means of, not despite, complementarity.Google Scholar

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⁴⁰ This should of course not tempt us into viewing market forces as entirely distinct from law. The enabling power of law applies here too.Google Scholar

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⁴⁴ In terms of the moral duty of citizens to obey international law, see Kumm, supra note 14, at 908.Google Scholar

⁴⁵ See e.g. Goldsmith, Jack L. & Posner, Eric A., The Limits of International Law (2005).Google Scholar

⁴⁶ Thomas Franck claimed in 1995 that “international law has entered its post-ontological era” in Thomas Franck, Fairness in International law and Institutions 6 (1995).Google Scholar

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⁴⁹ This appears to be evidenced in the recent rediscovery of systems theory, even as a form of articulating pluralism, particularly pronounced by Gunther Teubner; see Teubner, supra note 39; Gunther Teubner, Self-Constitutionalizing TNCs? On the Linkage of “Private” and “Public” Corporate Codes of Conduct, 18 Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 17–38 (2011); Gunther Teubner, Constitutionalizing Polycontexturality, 19 Social and Legal Studies 17–38 (2009).Google Scholar

⁵⁰ Kennedy, David, The International Style in Postwar Law and Policy, 7 Utah law Review 7,14 (1994).Google Scholar

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⁵⁴ Beckett, Jason, Fragmentation, openness, and hegemony: adjudication and the WTO, in International Economic Law and National Autonomy 44 (Meredith Kolsky Lewis, Susy Frankel ed., 2010).Google Scholar

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⁵⁸ Id. at 9.Google Scholar

⁵⁹ Id. at 15, 16.Google Scholar

⁶⁰ A brief look at the Council of the German Society of International Law (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationales Recht) shows a large number of names taking part in the debate on global constitutionalism, available at: http://www.dgfir.de/society/structure/ (last accessed 23 December 2011).Google Scholar

⁶¹ Kadelbach, Stefan & Kleinlein, Thomas, International Law – a Constitution for Mankind? An Attempt at a Reappraisal with an Analysis of Constitutional Principles, 50 German Yearbook of International law 304 (2007);Google Scholar

⁶² The issue of collective guilt and Vergangenheitsbewältigung is much debated in German literature; see, most recently, Bernhard Schlink, Guilt about the Past (2010).Google Scholar

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⁶⁵ Paulus, Andreas L., for example, was elected as Judge in the Bundesverfassungsgericht in 2010. His work on constitutionalism includes Andreas L. Paulus, Die Internationale Gemeinschaft im Völkerrecht (The International Community in International Law) (2001); Andreas L. Paulus, The International Legal System as a Constitution, in Ruling the World? Constitutionalism, International Law, and Global Governance 69–109 (Jeffrey L. Dunoff & Joel P. Trachtman eds., 2009).Google Scholar

⁶⁶ For a closer analysis of these five key themes, see Schwöbel, supra note 9, particularly Chapter 2.Google Scholar

⁶⁷ Koskenniemi, supra note 6, at 591.Google Scholar

⁶⁸ Elsewhere I term this “organic global constitutionalism,” Schwöbel, supra note 9, particularly Chapter 4; Christine E. J. Schwöbel, Organic Global Constitutionalism, 23 LJIL 529–553 (2010).Google Scholar

⁶⁹ Scobbie, Iain, Wicked Heresies or Legitimate Perspectives? Theory and International Law in International law 59 (Malcolm D. Evans 3^rd ed., 2010).Google Scholar

⁷⁰ See Walker, Neil, who writes about the disorder of orders in Beyond boundary disputes and basic grids: Mapping the global disorder of normative orders, 6 International Journal of Constitutional law 373–396 (2008).Google Scholar