Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m8s7h Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T05:15:55.171Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Developmental sequence of chromosome number in a cytologically unstable Rubus hybrid

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

G. Haskell  and
N. N. Tun
G. Haskell
Affiliation:
Genetics Department, Scottish Horticultural Research Institute, Dundee
N. N. Tun
Affiliation:
Genetics Department, Scottish Horticultural Research Institute, Dundee

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

1. Serial cytological observations were made on one abnormal seedling from the thornless segregants of the F2 progeny from crossing two tetraploid (2n = 28) Rubus species. The number of root-tip chromosomes was found to vary between 9 and 46 per cell, with the mode always at 35. The wide variation in chromosome number decreased with time, until there was almost stability at 2n = 35. A vegetative (stipule) cell was 2n = 39. The numbers lower than 35 were not due to terminal fusion.

2. Evidence from the number of satellites per cell suggests that not always were the same chromosomes being eliminated, although there is a general increase in satellite number with increased numbers of chromosomes per cell.

3. There was a correlation between the chromosome numbers and corresponding cell sizes within the aneuploid series. This may be associated with the incremental change of DNA following the addition or subtraction of individual chromosomes, which are highly similar in Rubus.

4. The cause of the instability was not definitely established. Its initiation is probably attributable to the egg mother cell, as Rubus pollen reacts sensitively to chromosome unbalance. No abnormalities were observed in the mitoses, and virus infection was not responsible for the instability.

5. Chromosome number instability of this plant is discussed in relation to other examples from the same and different genera: it is suggested that the changes in chromosome number known in various Rubi may have arisen somatically.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , February 1961 , pp. 10 - 24
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1961

References

REFERENCES

Berger, C. A., McMahon, R. M. & Witkus, E. R. (1955). The cytology of Xanthisma texanum D.C. 3. Differential somatic reduction. Bull. Torrey bot. Cl. 82, 377–382.Google Scholar
Berger, C. A. & Witkus, E. R. (1954). The cytology of Xanthisma texanum D.C. 1. Differences in the chromosome number of root and shoot. Bull. Torrey bot. Cl. 81, 489–491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Britton, D. M. & Hull, J. W. (1956). Mitotic instability in blackberry seedlings from progenies of Boysen and Young. J. Hered. 47, 205–210.Google Scholar
Britton, D. M. & Hull, J. W. (1957). Mitotic instability in Rubus. J. Hered. 48, 11–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caldwell, J. (1952). Some effects of a plant virus on nuclear division. Ann. Appl. Biol. 39, 98–102.Google Scholar
Crane, M. B. (1940). Reproductive versatility in Rubus. 1. Morphology and inheritance. J. Genet. 40, 109–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, M. B. & Darlington, C. D. (1927). The origins of new forms in Rubus, I. Genetica, 9, 241–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crane, M. B. & Thomas, P. T. (1949). Reproductive versatility in Bubus. 3. Raspberry-blackberry hybrids. Heredity, 3, 99–103.Google Scholar
Duncan, R. E. (1945). Production of variable aneuploid numbers of chromosomes within the root tips of Paphiopedilum wardii. Amer. J. Bot. 32, 506–509.Google Scholar
Einset, J. (1951). Apomixis in American polyploid blackberries. Amer. J. Bot. 38, 768–772.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gustafsson, Å. (1943). The Genesis of the European Blackberry Flora. Lund.Google Scholar
Harrison, M. F. (1957). Relation between polyploidy and the amounts of dexoxynucleic acid per nucleus in the liver and kidney of adult rats. Nature, Lond., 168, 248–249.Google Scholar
Haskell, G. (1960 a). The raspberry wild in Britain. Watsonia, 4, 238–255.Google Scholar
Haskell, G. (1960). Role of the male parent in crosses involving apomictic Rubus species. Heredity, 14, 101–113.Google Scholar
Hegwood, M. P. & Hough, L. F. (1958). A mosaic pattern of chromosome numbers in the white winter Pearmain apple and six of its seedlings. Amer. J. Bot. 45, 349–354.Google Scholar
Heslop-Harrison, Y. (1953). Cytological studies in the genus Rubus L. 1. Chromosome numbers in the British Rubua flora. New Phytol. 52, 22–39.Google Scholar
Hull, J. W. & Britton, D. M. (1958). Development of colchicine-induced and natural polyploid breeding lines in the Genus Rubus (Tourn.) L. Maryland Agric. Exper. Sta. Bull. A-91, 63 pp.Google Scholar
Lawrence, W. J. C. (1931). The chromosome constitution of Cardamine pratensis and Verbascum phoenicum. Genetica, 13, 183–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menzel, M. Y. & Brown, M. S. (1952). Polygenomic hybrids in Gossypium. II. Mosaic formation and somatic reduction. Amer. J. Bot. 39, 59–69.Google Scholar
Noggle, G. R. (1946). The physiology of polyploidy in plants. 1. Review of the literature. Lloydia, 9, 153–173.Google Scholar
Sachs, L. (1952). Chromosome mosaics in experimental amphiploids in the Triticinae. Heredity, 6, 157–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Satczek, K. (1951). Cytological studies in species of the genus Soldanella L. from the Polish Carpathians. Bull. Acad. pol. Sci. Let. Ser. B, 1951, 285–299.Google Scholar
Sharma, A. K. & Sharma, A. (1957). Investigations leading to a new theory of differentiation in plant cells. Genet. Iberica, 9, 142–157.Google Scholar
Snoad, B. (1955). Somatic instability of chromosome number in Hymenocallis calthinum. Heredity, 9, 129–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sunderland, N., Hayes, J. K. & Brown, R. (1956). Growth and metabolism in the shoot apex of Lupinus albus. In The Growth of Leaves, London. Pp. 77–90.Google Scholar
Tjio, J. H. & Levan, A. (1950). Quadruple structure of the centromere. Nature, Lond., 165, 368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaarama, A. (1953). Chromosome numbers of some species and hybrids of the genus Rubus. Arch. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fenn, “Vanamo”, 8, 192–195.Google Scholar