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FETAL CARDIAC DISEASE: THE PATHOLOGIST'S PERSPECTIVE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2013

MICHAEL ASHWORTH
MICHAEL ASHWORTH*
Affiliation:
Department of Histopathology, Camelia Botnar Laboratories, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH.
*
Dr. Michael Ashworth, Department of Histopathology, Camelia Botnar Laboratories, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH. Email: michael.ashworth@gosh.nhs.uk
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Extract

In the European Union, it is estimated that 36,000 children are born every year with congenital heart disease and that a further 3000 who are diagnosed with congenital heart disease die as a result of termination of pregnancy, late fetal death or early neonatal death. In a normal population, the risk of a woman having a child with a congenital heart malformation is of the order of 0.8–1%, the risk rising to 2–3%, if a previous pregnancy was affected by heart disease and approaching 6% if the mother herself has a congenital heart defect. There is great variation between countries in the antenatal detection of heart defects, being lowest in those countries without ultrasound antenatal screening programmes (8–11%), but in Western Europe the detection rates vary between 19% and 48%. High-resolution echocardiography enables assessment of precise structures during the second trimester or even earlier.

Type
Review Article
Information
Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , May 2013 , pp. 60 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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