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Norovirus–host interaction: implications for disease control and prevention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 July 2007

Ming Tan  and
Xi Jiang
Ming Tan
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA.
Xi Jiang*
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA.
*
*Corresponding author: Xi Jiang, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH45229-3039, USA. Tel: +1 513 636 0119; Fax: +1 513 636 7655; E-mail: jason.jiang@cchmc.org
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Abstract

Noroviruses (NVs) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis epidemics in both developing and developed countries and affect people of all ages. Three main human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) – the ABO, Lewis and secretor families – are involved in NV recognition and eight strain-specific receptor-binding patterns in two major binding groups have been described. The receptor-binding interface is located at the outermost surface of the P domain of the viral capsid. Each interface contains two major binding sites and each site interacts with a carbohydrate side-chain of the HBGAs via multiple hydrogen bonds. Soluble HBGAs in human milk are able to block binding of NV to HBGA receptors, suggesting a potential decoy receptor for the protection of infants from NV infection. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed limited genetic relatedness among NVs with similar receptor-binding patterns. This review summarises and discusses recent advances and highlights implications for future studies in the control and prevention of NV gastroenteritis.

Type
Review Article
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 9 , Issue 19 , July 2007 , pp. 1 - 22
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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References

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Further reading, resources and contacts

General review articles on NVs:

135Hutson, A.M., Atmar, R.L. and Estes, M.K. (2004) Norovirus disease: changing epidemiology and host susceptibility factors. Trends Microbiol 12, 279-287Google Scholar
136Tan, M. and Jiang, X. (2005) Norovirus and its histo-blood group antigen receptors: an answer to a historical puzzle. Trends Microbiol 13, 285-293CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
137Hardy, M.E. (2005) Norovirus protein structure and function. FEMS Microbiol Lett 253, 1-8Google Scholar
138Atmar, R.L. and Estes, M.K. (2006) The epidemiologic and clinical importance of norovirus infection. Gastroenterol Clinic N Am 35, 275-290Google Scholar
139Estes, M.K., Prasad, B.V. and Atmar, R.L. (2006) Noroviruses everywhere: has something changed? Curr Opin Infect Dis 19, 467-474Google Scholar
140Le Pendu, J. (2004) Histo-blood group antigen and human milk oligosaccharides: genetic polymorphism and risk of infectious diseases. Adv Exp Med Biol 554, 135-143Google Scholar
141Marionneau, S. et al. (2001) ABH and Lewis histo-blood group antigens, a model for the meaning of oligosaccharide diversity in the face of a changing world. Biochimie 83, 565-573CrossRefGoogle Scholar
142Green, K., Chanock, R. and Kapikian, A., (2001) Human calicivirus. In Fields Virology (4th edn) (Knipe, D.M. et al. , eds), 841-874, Lippincott Williams & WilkinsGoogle Scholar
143http://www.cdc.gov/Ncidod/dvrd/revb/gastro/norovirus.htmGoogle Scholar
144http://www.medicinenet.com/norovirus_infection/article.htmGoogle Scholar
135Hutson, A.M., Atmar, R.L. and Estes, M.K. (2004) Norovirus disease: changing epidemiology and host susceptibility factors. Trends Microbiol 12, 279-287Google Scholar
136Tan, M. and Jiang, X. (2005) Norovirus and its histo-blood group antigen receptors: an answer to a historical puzzle. Trends Microbiol 13, 285-293CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
137Hardy, M.E. (2005) Norovirus protein structure and function. FEMS Microbiol Lett 253, 1-8Google Scholar
138Atmar, R.L. and Estes, M.K. (2006) The epidemiologic and clinical importance of norovirus infection. Gastroenterol Clinic N Am 35, 275-290Google Scholar
139Estes, M.K., Prasad, B.V. and Atmar, R.L. (2006) Noroviruses everywhere: has something changed? Curr Opin Infect Dis 19, 467-474Google Scholar
140Le Pendu, J. (2004) Histo-blood group antigen and human milk oligosaccharides: genetic polymorphism and risk of infectious diseases. Adv Exp Med Biol 554, 135-143Google Scholar
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