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Prevalence of depression as measured by the CBDI in a predominantly adolescent school population in Turkey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Fevziye Toros ,
N. Gamsiz Bilgin ,
R. Bugdayci ,
T. Sasmaz ,
O. Kurt  and
H. Camdeviren
Fevziye Toros*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
N. Gamsiz Bilgin
Affiliation:
Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
R. Bugdayci
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
T. Sasmaz
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
O. Kurt
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
H. Camdeviren
Affiliation:
Department of Biostatistics, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
*
* Corresponding author. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Anabilim Daltı, Zeytinlibahçe cad. Eski otogar yanı, Mersin 33079, Turkey. E-mail address: akguloglu@hotmail.com (F. Toros).
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Abstract

Objectives

This cross-sectional randomised study involving a predominantly adolescent school population (ranging from the 6th to the 11th grades) was conducted to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of depression in adolescents in the city of Mersin, Turkey.

Subjects and methods

A stratified sample of 4256 students was selected as representative of the city’s adolescent school population. The students were divided into two groups according to diagnosis (Group I: depressive adolescents; Group II: adolescents without depression). The age range varied between 10 and 20 years, with a mean of 14.53 years (S.D. = 1.89), i.e. a mean of 14.73 years (S.D. = 1.79) for Group I, and 15.5 years (S.D. = 1.9) for Group II. Data was obtained via two structured questionnaires designed to determine the presence and clinical characteristics of depression both in adolescents and in their parents. In addition, the Child Beck Depression Inventory (CBDI) was administered to all students participating in the study. After quality control of data, the study sample was reduced to 4143 adolescents. The mean age of the students was 11.23 ± 6.44 years, and the ratio of boys/girls was 1.19:1.

Results

The prevalence of depression according to the CBDI (cut-off point: 19) was found to be 12.55% in this study group, with a significantly higher prevalence of depression in girls than in boys. Binary regression analysis demonstrated that the most important factors involved in the onset of depression in adolescents were having problems with parents, staying down a grade, and humiliation at school, and that the most common symptoms were feelings of worthlessness/guilt, sadness, emptiness, irritability and somatic disorders.

Conclusion

This cross-sectional prospective randomised school-based study has examined sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of adolescents with depression in a student population. It was found that in this study group there was a relatively high level of depressive symptoms, with a clear predominance of females over males. Other clinical characteristics of adolescents with depression have been discussed in the context of previous investigations.

Keywords

DepressionEpidemiologyAdolescentsClinical characteristics
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 19 , Issue 5 , August 2004 , pp. 264 - 271
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 European Psychiatric Association

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