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Hyperbolic pseudo-Anosov maps almost everywhere embed into a toral automorphism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2006

MARCY BARGE
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-2400, U.S.A. (e-mail: barge@math.montana.edu, jarek@math.montana.edu)
JAROSLAW KWAPISZ
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-2400, U.S.A. (e-mail: barge@math.montana.edu, jarek@math.montana.edu)

Abstract

Fathi and Franks showed that a pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphism $f$ with orientable foliations and dilation coefficient $\lambda$ with no conjugates (over ${\mathbb Q}$) in the unit circle factors onto a (homologically non-trivial) invariant subset of a hyperbolic toral automorphism. After recounting this result, we show that the factor map is either almost everywhere one-to-one or almost everywhere $m$-to-one for some $m>1$ and the pseudo-Anosov map $f$ is an $m$-to-one ramified covering of another pseudo-Anosov (or Anosov) map on a surface of smaller genus. As a corollary, any pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphism with orientable foliations and hyperbolic action on the first homologies almost everywhere embeds into a hyperbolic toral automorphism.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
2006 Cambridge University Press

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