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A preliminary survey of the epidemiology of bluetongue in Kenya

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

A. R. Walker  and
F. G. Davies
A. R. Walker
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University College, Nairobi
F. G. Davies
Affiliation:
Kenya Veterinary Research Laboratory, P.O. Kabete, Kenya
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Summary

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A survey of the species composition and distribution of the Culicoides midge populations at a range of sites where bluetongue is enzootic isolated a group of dominant species: C. cornutus, C. grahamii, C. magnus, C. milnei, C. pallidipennis and C. 23.† Monthly light-trap sampling of Culicoides showed that the population densities of the dominant species greatly increased after the rain seasons and that these species concentrated around flocks of sheep and cattle. The larval habitats of C. cornutus and C. pallidipennis were found associated with stock pens. Precipitin tests on blood-fed Culicoides showed that most of the dominant species regularly feed on sheep and cattle. Bluetongue virus was isolated from C. milnei, C. pallidipennis and C. 23. Serological surveys of wild and domestic bovids from the enzootic area showed a high proportion with antibody to bluetongue virus. The colonization of C. cornutus, a potential vector, is described briefly. A causal relationship between peak rainfall in April-May, peak numbers of Culicoides in May-June and peak bluetongue incidence in June-July is postulated. The vector status of the above species and C. austeni was evaluated.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 69 , Issue 1 , March 1971 , pp. 47 - 60
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1971

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