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Poliomyelitis in the Netherlands: a review of population immunity and exposure between the epidemics in 1978 and 1992

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

H. C. Rümke ,
P. M. Oostvogel ,
G. Van Steenis  and
A. M. Van Loon
H. C. Rümke
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Clinical Vaccine Research, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection(RIVM). PO Box 7, 3720 BA Bilthoven., The Netherlands
P. M. Oostvogel
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Virology, and WHO Collaborative Centre for Reference and Research on Poliomyelitis, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection(RIVM). PO Box 7, 3720 BA Bilthoven., The Netherlands
G. Van Steenis
Affiliation:
Laboratory for the Control of Biological Products, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection(RIVM). PO Box 7, 3720 BA Bilthoven., The Netherlands
A. M. Van Loon
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Virology, and WHO Collaborative Centre for Reference and Research on Poliomyelitis, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection(RIVM). PO Box 7, 3720 BA Bilthoven., The Netherlands
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An overview of serologieal and virological studies on poliomyelitis in the Netherlands between two epidemics in 1978 and 1992 is given. Three unvaccinated patients acquired poliomyelitis abroad. In the Netherlands vaccination coverage with quadruple DPT–IPV vaccine is very high. The strong immunogenicity of inactivated poliovirus vaccine was confirmed in a cohort of children, reflected in age-stratified antibody profiles of the population. Adults born in the pre vaccination era appeared in general protected, but 10–25% of persons born between 1930 and 1945 lacked neutralizing antibodies. Revaccination induced a booster type of antibody response in 75–90% of such persons, indicating immunological memory and protection.

Virological studies on adopted children from other countries, patients with indications for viral examination, and river waters showed that the Netherlands was regularly exposed to polio virus (PV), without signs of indigenous transmission. Persons found to carry PV or their close contacts had travelled to a PV endemic country. Most of 557 isolates were vaccine-derived, only 8% were wild type viruses. Despite their presence, up to 1992 the well-known susceptibles for PV in the Netherlands were shielded by the herd immunity of the Dutch population.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 115 , Issue 2 , October 1995 , pp. 289 - 298
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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