Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ndmmz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-04T12:48:53.112Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

CATERING FOR RESPONSIBILITY: BRUTE LUCK, OPTION LUCK, AND THE NEUTRALITY OBJECTION TO LUCK EGALITARIANISM

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 August 2018

Greg Bognar*
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden. Email: greg.bognar@philosophy.su.se. URL: http://gregbognar.net.

Abstract:

The distinction between brute luck and option luck is fundamental for luck egalitarianism. Many luck egalitarians write as if it could be used to specify which outcomes people should be held responsible for. In this paper, I argue that the distinction can’t be used this way. In fact, luck egalitarians tend to rely instead on rough intuitive judgements about individual responsibility. This makes their view vulnerable to what’s known as the neutrality objection. I show that attempts to avoid this objection are unsuccessful. I conclude that until it provides a better account of attributing responsibility, luck egalitarianism remains incomplete.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Albertsen, A. and Knight, C.. 2015. A framework for luck egalitarianism in health and healthcare. Journal of Medical Ethics 41: 165169.Google Scholar
Anderson, E. S. 1999. What is the point of equality? Ethics 109: 287337.Google Scholar
Arneson, R. J. 1990. Liberalism, distributive subjectivism, and equal opportunity for welfare. Philosophy and Public Affairs 19: 158194.Google Scholar
Arneson, R. J. 1997. Equality and equal opportunity for welfare. In Equality: Selected Readings, ed. Pojman, L. P. and Westmoreland, R., 229242. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Arneson, R. J. 2011. Luck egalitarianism – a primer. In Responsibility and Distributive Justice, ed. Knight, C. and Stemplowska, Z., 2450. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bognar, G. 2009. Welfare judgements and risk. In The Ethics of Technological Risk, ed. Asveld, L. and Roeser, S., 144160. London: Earthscan.Google Scholar
Cappelen, A. W. and Norheim, O. F.. 2005. Responsibility in health care: a liberal egalitarian approach. Journal of Medical Ethics 31: 476480.Google Scholar
Cohen, G. A. 1989. On the currency of egalitarian justice. Ethics 99: 906944.Google Scholar
Dworkin, R. 2000. Sovereign Virtue: The Theory and Practice of Equality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Eyal, N. 2007. Egalitarian justice and innocent choice. Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 2: 118.Google Scholar
Feiring, E. 2008. Lifestyle, responsibility, and justice. Journal of Medical Ethics 34: 3336.Google Scholar
Ferreira, F. H. G. and Peragine, V.. 2016. Individual responsibility and equality of opportunity. In The Oxford Handbook of Well-Being and Public Policy, ed. Adler, M. D. and Fleurbaey, M., 746784. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Fleurbaey, M. 1995. Equal opportunity or equal social outcome? Economics and Philosophy 11: 2555.Google Scholar
Fleurbaey, M. 2001. Egalitarian opportunities. Law and Philosophy 20: 499530.Google Scholar
Fleurbaey, M. 2008. Fairness, Responsibility, and Welfare. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hurley, S. L. 2003. Justice, Luck and Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Knight, C. 2009. Luck Egalitarianism: Equality, Responsibility, and Justice. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Lippert-Rasmussen, K. 2001. Egalitarianism, option luck, and responsibility. Ethics 111: 548579.Google Scholar
Lippert-Rasmussen, K. 2016. Luck Egalitarianism. London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Otsuka, Michael. 2002. Luck, insurance, and equality. Ethics 113: 4054.Google Scholar
Roemer, J. E. 1993. A pragmatic theory of responsibility for the egalitarian planner. Philosophy and Public Affairs 22: 146166.Google Scholar
Rose, G. 1985. Sick individuals and sick populations. International Journal of Epidemiology 14: 3238.Google Scholar
Sandbu, M. E. 2004. On Dworkin’s brute-luck–option-luck distinction and the consistency of brute-luck egalitarianism. Politics, Philosophy and Economics 3: 283312.Google Scholar
Scheffler, S. 2005. Choice, circumstance, and the value of equality. Politics, Philosophy and Economics 4: 528.Google Scholar
Segall, S. 2010. Health, Luck, and Justice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Segall, S. 2013 a. Equality and Opportunity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Segall, S. 2013 b. Equality of opportunity for health. In Inequalities in Health: Concepts, Measures, and Ethics, ed. Eyal, N., Hurst, S., Norheim, O. F. and Wikler, D., 147163. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tan, K-C. 2008. A defense of luck egalitarianism. Journal of Philosophy 105: 665690.Google Scholar
Temkin, L. S. 1993. Inequality. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Temkin, L. S. 2001. Inequality: a complex, individualistic, and comparative notion. Philosophical Issues 11: 327353.Google Scholar
Ubel, P. A., Baron, J. and Asch, D. A.. 1999. Social responsibility, personal responsibility, and prognosis in public judgements about transplant allocation. Bioethics 13: 5768.Google Scholar
Vallentyne, P. 2002. Brute luck, option luck, and equality of initial opportunities. Ethics 112: 529557.Google Scholar
Vallentyne, P. 2008. Brute luck and responsibility. Politics, Philosophy and Economics 7: 5780.Google Scholar
Voigt, K. 2007. The harshness objection: is luck egalitarianism too harsh on the victims of option luck? Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 10: 389407.Google Scholar
Voigt, K. 2013. Appeals to individual responsibility for health: reconsidering the luck egalitarian perspective. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 22: 146158.Google Scholar
Wikler, D. 2004. Personal and social responsibility for health. In Public Health, Ethics, and Equity, ed. Anand, S., Peter, F. and Sen, A., 109134. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar