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Polygenic and environmental influences on the course of African Americans’ alcohol use from early adolescence through young adulthood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2019

Jill A. Rabinowitz ,
Rashelle J. Musci ,
Beth Reboussin ,
Adam J. Milam ,
Kelly S. Benke ,
George R. Uhl ,
Danielle Y. Sisto ,
Nicholas S. Ialongo  and
Brion S. Maher
Jill A. Rabinowitz
Affiliation:
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Rashelle J. Musci
Affiliation:
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Beth Reboussin
Affiliation:
School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Adam J. Milam
Affiliation:
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Kelly S. Benke
Affiliation:
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
George R. Uhl
Affiliation:
New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
Danielle Y. Sisto
Affiliation:
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Nicholas S. Ialongo
Affiliation:
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Brion S. Maher
Affiliation:
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract

The study examined (a) whether alcohol use subgroups could be identified among African Americans assessed from adolescence through early adulthood, and (b) whether subgroup membership was associated with the interaction between internalizing symptoms and antisocial behavior polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and environmental characteristics (i.e., parental monitoring, community disadvantage). Participants (N = 436) were initially recruited for an elementary school-based prevention trial in a Mid-Atlantic city. Youths reported on the frequency of their past year alcohol use from ages 14–26. DNA was obtained from participants at age 21. Internalizing symptoms and antisocial behavior PRSs were created based on a genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted by Benke et al. (2014) and Tielbeek et al. (2017), respectively. Parental monitoring and community disadvantage were assessed at age 12. Four classes of past year alcohol use were identified: (a) early-onset, increasing; (b) late-onset, moderate use; (c) low steady; and (d) early-onset, decreasing. In high community disadvantaged settings, participants with a higher internalizing symptoms PRS were more likely to be in the early-onset, decreasing class than the low steady class. When exposed to elevated community disadvantage, participants with a higher antisocial behavior PRS were more likely to be in the early-onset, increasing class than the early-onset, decreasing and late-onset, moderate use classes.

Keywords

alcohol use classesantisocial behavior polygenic risk scorecommunity disadvantageinternalizing symptoms polygenic risk scoreparental monitoring
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , May 2020 , pp. 703 - 718
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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