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Interpersonal harm aversion as a necessary foundation for morality: A developmental neuroscience perspective

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2017

Jean Decety  and
Jason M. Cowell
Jean Decety*
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Jason M. Cowell
Affiliation:
University of Wisconsin–Green Bay
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Jean Decety, Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, 5848 South University Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637; E-mail: decety@uchicago.edu.
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Abstract

Growing evidence from developmental psychology and social neuroscience emphasizes the importance of third-party harm aversion for constructing morality. A sensitivity to interpersonal harm emerges very early in ontogeny, as reflected in both the capacity for implicit social evaluation and an aversion for antisocial agents. Yet it does not necessarily entail avoidance toward inflicting pain to others. Later, an understanding that harmful actions cause suffering emerges, followed by an integration of rules that can depend on social contexts and cultures. These developmental findings build on a burgeoning literature, which suggests that the fundamental nature of moral and social cognition, including their motivational and hedonic value, lies in general computational processes such as attention, approach–avoidance, social valuation, and decision making rather than in fully distinct, dedicated neural regions for morality. Bridging the gap between cognition and behaviors and the requisite affective, motivational, and cognitive mechanisms, a developmental neuroscience approach enriches our understanding of the emergence of morality.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 30 , Issue 1 , February 2018 , pp. 153 - 164
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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