Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-5g6vh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T03:34:42.070Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Recognition of Facial Emotions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2014

Abstract

Recognition of facial emotions represents an important aspect of interpersonal communication and is governed by select neural substrates. We present data on emotion recognition in healthy young adults utilizing a novel set of color photographs of evoked universal emotions. In addition, we review the recent literature on emotion recognition in psychiatric and neurologic disorders, and studies that compare different disorders.

Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Darwin, C. The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press; 1965.Google Scholar
2. Ekman, P, Friesen, WV. Unmasking the Face. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 1975.Google Scholar
3. Damasio, D. Face agnosia and the neural substrates of memory. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1990;13:89109.Google Scholar
4. Adolphs, R. Neural systems for recognizing emotion. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2002;12:169177.Google Scholar
5. Borod, JC, Obler, LK, Erhan, HM, et al. Right hemisphere emotional perception: Evidence across multiple channels. Neuropsychology. 1998;12:446458.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Wager, TD, Phan, KL, Liberzon, I, Taylor, SF. Valence, gender, and lateralization of functional brain anatomy in emotion: a meta-analysis of findings from neuroimaging. Neuroimage. 2003;19:513–31.Google Scholar
7. Elfenbein, HA, Ambady, N. On the universality and cultural specificity of emotion recognition: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2002;128:203235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Erwin, RJ, Gur, RC, Gur, RE, et al. Facial emotion discrimination 1: task construction and behavioral findings in normal subjects. Psychiatry Res. 1992;42:231240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Gur, RC, Sara, R, Hagendoorn, M, et al. A method for obtaining 3-dimensional facial expressions and its standardization for use in neurocognitive studies. J Neurosci Meth. 2002;115:137143.Google Scholar
10. Gur, RC, Schroeder, L, Turner, T, et al. Brain activation during facial emotion processing. Neuroimage. 2002;16:651662.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11. Gur, RE, McGrath, C, Chan, RM, et al. An fMRI study of facial emotion processing in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:1992–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Ekman, P, Friesen, WV. Constants across cultures in the face of emotion. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1971;17:124129.Google Scholar
13. Hager, JC, Ekman, P. Long distance transmission of facial affect signals. Ethol Sociobiol. 1979;1:7782.Google Scholar
14. Kirouac, G, Doré, FY. Accuracy and latency of judgments of facial expressions of emotion. Percept Mot Skills. 1983;57:683686.Google Scholar
15. Kirita, T, Endo, M. Happy face advantage in recognizing facial expressions. Acta Psychol (Amst). 1995;89:149163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Matsumoto, D, LeRoux, J, Wilson-Cohn, C, et al. A new test to measure emotion recognition ability: Matsumoto and Ekman's Japanese and Caucasian brief affect recognition test (JACBERT). Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. 2000;24:179209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Hess, U, Blairy, S, Kleck, RE. The intensity of emotional facial expressions and decoding accuracy. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. 1997;21:241257.Google Scholar
18. Rojahn, J, Gerhards, F, Matlock, ST, et al. Reliability and validity studies of the Facial Discrimination Task for emotion research. Psychiatry Res. 2000;95:169181.Google Scholar
19. Agresti, A. Categorical Data Analysis. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1990.Google Scholar
20. Bleuler, E. Dementia Praeox oder die Gruppe der Schizophrenien. Leipzig, Germany: Aschaffensburg Handbuch, Deutike; 1911.Google Scholar
21. Morrison, RL, Bellack, AS, Mueser, KT. Deficits in facial-affect recognition and schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1988;14:6783.Google Scholar
22. Mandal, MK, Pandey, R, Prasad, AB. Facial expressions of emotions and schizophrenia: review. Schizophr Bull. 1998;24:399412.Google Scholar
23. Kerr, SL, Neale, JM. Emotion perception in schizophrenia: specific deficit or further evidence of generalized poor performance? J Abnorm Psychol. 1993;102:312318.Google Scholar
24. Salem, JE, Kring, AM, Kerr, SL. More evidence for generalized poor performance in facial emotion perception in schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol. 1996;105:480483.Google Scholar
25. Johnston, PJ, Katsikitis, M, Carr, VJ. A generalised deficit can account for problems in facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia. Biol Psychol. 2001;58:203227.Google Scholar
26. Chapman, LJ, Chapman, JP. The measurement of differential deficit. J Psychiatr Res. 1978;14:303311.Google Scholar
27. Archer, J, Hay, DC, Young, AW. Movement, face processing, and schizophrenia: Evidence of a differential deficit in expression analysis. Br J Clin Psychol. 1994;33:517528.Google Scholar
28. Schneider, F, Gur, RC, Gur, RE, et al. Emotional processing in schizophrenia: neurobehavioural probes in relation to psychopathology. Schizophr Res. 1995;17:6775.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29. Heimberg, C, Gur, RE, Erwin, RJ, et al. Facial emotion discrimination: III. Behavioral findings in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 1992;42:253265.Google Scholar
30. Kohler, CG, Bilker, W, Hagendoom, M, et al. Emotion recognition deficit in schizophrenia: association with symptomatology and cognition. Biol Psychiatry. 2000;48:127136.Google Scholar
31. Gur, RE, Turetsky, BI, Cowell, PE, et al. Temporolimbic volume reductions in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:7697513.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32. Nelson, MD, Saykin, AJ, Flashman, LA, et al. Hippocampal volume reduction in schizophrenia as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: a meta-analytic study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998;55:433440.Google Scholar
33. Adolphs, R, Tranel, D, Hamann, S, et al. Recognition of facial emotion in nine individuals with bilateral amygdala damage. Neuropsychologia. 1999;37:11111117.Google Scholar
34. Edwards, J, Pattison, PE, Jackson, HJ, et al. Facial affect and affective prosody recognition in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2001;48:235253.Google Scholar
35. Kohler, CG, Turner, TT, Bilker, WB, et al. Facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia: Intensity effects and error pattern. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160:11681174.Google Scholar
36. Gur, RC, Erwin, RJ, Gur, RE, et al. Facial emotion discrimination: II. Behavioral findings in depression. Psychiatry Res. 1992;42:241–25.Google Scholar
37. Mueser, KT, Doonan, R, Penn, DL, et al. Emotion recognition and social competence in chronic schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol. 1996;105:271–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38. Silver, H, Shlomo, N, Turner, T, et al. Perception of happy and sad facial expressions in chronic schizophrenia: evidence for two evaluative systems. Schizophr Res. 2002;55:171177.Google Scholar
39. Penn, DL, Combs, DR, Ritchie, M, et al. Emotion recognition in schizophrenia: further investigation of generalized versus specific deficit models. J Abnorm Psychol. 2000;109:512516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
40. Mandal, MK, Jain, A, Haque-Nizamie, S, et al. Generality and specificity of emotion-recognition deficit in schizophrenic patients with positive and negative symptoms. Psychiatry Res. 1999;87:3946.Google Scholar
41. Bryson, G, Bell, M, Lysaker, P. Affect impairment in schizophrenia: a function of global impairment or a specific cognitive deficit. Psychiatry Res. 1997;71:105113.Google Scholar
42. Addington, J, Addington, D. Facial affect recognition and information processing in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr Res. 1998;32:171181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
43. Harmer, CJ, Grayson, L, Goodwin, GM. Enhanced recognition of disgust in bipolar illness. Biol Psychiatry. 2002;51:298304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
44. Lembke, A, Ketter, TA. Impaired recognition of facial emotion in mania. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:302304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
45. Gaebel, W, Wolwer, W. Facial expression and emotional face recognition in schizophrenia and depression. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1992;242:4652.Google Scholar
46. Mikhailova, ES, Vladimirova, TV, Iznack, AF, et al. Abnormal recognition of facial expression of emotions in depressed patients with major depression disorder and schizotypal personality disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;40:697705.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
47. Rojahn, J, Rabold, DE, Schneider, F. Emotion specificity in mental retardation. Am J Mental Retard. 1995;99:477486.Google Scholar
48. Moore, DG. The Nature of Person Perception: Experimental Investigations With Mentally Retarded and Non-retarded Children [dissertation]. London, England: University College; 1994.Google Scholar
49. Moore, DG, Hobson, RP, Lee, A. Components of person-perception: an investigation with autistic, nonautistic retarded and typically developing children and adolescents. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 1997;15:401423.Google Scholar
50. Moore, DG. Reassessing emotion recognition performance in people with mental retardation: A review. Am J Mental Retard. 2001;106:481502.Google Scholar
51. Kasari, C, Freeman, S, Hughes, MA. Emotion recognition by children with Down syndrome. Am J Mental Retard. 2001;106:5972.Google Scholar
52. Loveland, KA, Tunali-Kotoski, B, Chen, YR, et al. Emotion recognition in autism: Verbal and nonverbal information. Dev Psychopathol. 1997;9:579593.Google Scholar
53. Buitlaar, JK, van der Wees, M, Swaab-Barneveld, H, et al. Theory of mind and emotion-recognition functioning in autistic spectrum disorders and in psychiatric control and normal children. Dev Psychopathol. 1999;11:3958.Google Scholar
54. Buitelaar, JK, van der Wees, M, Swaab-Barneveld, H, et al. Verbal memory and performance IQ predict theory of mind and emotion recognition ability in children with autistic pectrum disorders and in psychiatric control children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1999;40:869881.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
55. Adolphs, R, Tranel, D, Damasio, H, et al. Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala. Nature. 1994;372:669672.Google Scholar
56. Schmolck, H, Squire, LR. Impaired perception of facial emotions following bilateral damage to the anterior temporal lobe. Neuropsychology. 2001;15:3038.Google Scholar
57. Adophs, R, Baron-Cohen, S, Tranel, D. Impaired recognition of social emotions following amygdala damage. J Cogn Neurosci. 2002;14:1264–74.Google Scholar
58. Borod, JC, Koff, E, Lorch, MP, et al. The expression and perception of facial emotion in brain-damaged patients. Neuropsychologia. 1986;24:169180.Google Scholar
59. Bowers, D, Bauer, RM, Coslett, HB, et al. Processing of faces by patients with unilateral hemisphere lesions. Brain Cogn. 1985;4:258272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
60. Adolphs, R, Tranel, D, Damasio, H. Emotion recognition from faces and prosody following temporal lobectomy. Neuropsychology. 2001;15:396404.Google Scholar
61. Cadieux, NL, Greve, KW. Emotion processing in Alzheimer's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 1997;3:411419.Google Scholar
62. Hargrave, R, Maddock, RJ, Stone, V. Impaired recognition of facial expressions of emotion in Alzheimer's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2002;14:6471.Google Scholar
63. Shimokawa, A, Yatomi, N, Anamizu, S, et al. Influence of deteriorating ability of emotional comprehension on interpersonal behavior in Alzheimer-type dementia. Brain Cogn. 2001;47:423433.Google Scholar
64. Lavenu, I, Pasquier, F, Lebert, F, et al. Perception of emotion in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 1999;13:96101.Google Scholar
65. Keane, J, Calder, AJ, Hodges, JR, et al. Face and emotion processing in frontal variant frontotemporal dementia. Neuropsychologia. 2002;40:655665.Google Scholar
66. Adolphs, R, Schul, R, Tranel, D. Intact recognition of facial emotion in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychology. 1998;12:253258.Google Scholar
67. Blonder, LX, Gur, RE, Gur, RC. The effects of right and left hemiparkinsonism on prosody. Brain Lang. 1989;36:193207.Google Scholar
68. Jacobs, DH, Shuren, J, Bowers, D, et al. Emotional facial imagery, perception, and expression in Parkinson's disease. Neurology. 1995;45:16961702.Google Scholar
69. Jacobs, DH, Shuren, J, Heilman, KM. Impaired perception of facial identity and facial affect in Huntington's disease. Neurology. 1995;45:1217–8.Google Scholar
70. Sprengelmeyer, R, Young, AW, Calder, AJ, et al. Loss of disgust: perception of faces and emotions in Huntington's disease. Brain. 1996;119:16471665.Google Scholar
71. Gray, JM, Young, AW, Barker, WA, et al. Impaired recognition of disgust in Huntington's disease gene carriers. Brain. 1997;120:20292038.Google Scholar
72. Cutting, J. Judgment of emotional expression in schizophrenics. Br J Psychiatry. 1981;139:16.Google Scholar
73. Walker, E, McGuire, M, Bettes, B. Recognition and identification of facial stimuli by schizophrenics and patients with affective disorders. Br J Clin Psychol. 1984;23:3744.Google Scholar
74. Feinberg, TE, Rifkin, A, Schaffer, C, et al. Facial discrimination and emotional recognition in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986;43:276279.Google Scholar
75. Borod, JC, Martin, CC, Alpert, M, et al. Perception of facial emotion in schizophrenic and right brain-damaged patients. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1993;181:494502.Google Scholar
76. Shimokawa, A, Yatomi, N, Anamizu, S, et al. Recognition of facial expressions and emotional situations in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer and vascular types. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2003;15:163–8.Google Scholar