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Review: Progress with Functional Materials Based on Loess Particles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Ya Shen ,
Haiyan Yan ,
Rongmin Wang Open the ORCID record for Rongmin Wang [Opens in a new window] ,
Pengfei Song  and
Yufeng He
Ya Shen
Affiliation:
Key Lab. Eco-functional Polymer Materials of MOE, Institute of Polymers, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Haiyan Yan
Affiliation:
Key Lab. Eco-functional Polymer Materials of MOE, Institute of Polymers, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Rongmin Wang*
Affiliation:
Key Lab. Eco-functional Polymer Materials of MOE, Institute of Polymers, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Pengfei Song
Affiliation:
Key Lab. Eco-functional Polymer Materials of MOE, Institute of Polymers, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Yufeng He
Affiliation:
Key Lab. Eco-functional Polymer Materials of MOE, Institute of Polymers, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: wangrm@nwnu.edu.cn
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Abstract

Loess is a large-scale deposit which is easy to mine and widely distributed on the epipedon. The clay fraction of loess, also known as ‘loessial clay’, is a very important component of loess which affects its properties and performance. From a ‘materials’ perspective, the clay fraction of loess has been ignored. Recently, loess particles have attracted interest because of their potential applications. The focus in the current review is on the methods of modifying loess particles and their application as functional materials. The major components of loess particles are clays, calcite, and quartz, with the clays including kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, and chlorite. Loess has a range of particle sizes, types, and dispersibilities. The particles agglomerate readily, mainly because cementation occurs readily in the clay fraction. Loess particles can be modified and their properties can be improved by compaction, separation, purification, acidification, calcination, surfactant modification, geopolymerization, and polymer modification. Loess-based functional materials have been used as sorbents, eco-friendly superabsorbents, soil and water conservation materials, humidity-regulating materials, and building materials. Separated and purified loess particles can adsorb metal ions and harmful elements directly. Surfactant-modified loess particles can remove organic compounds effectively. After modification with polymers, loess particles exhibit greater capacity for the removal of environmental pollutants such as harmful metal ions and dyes. As a superabsorbent, modified loess shows excellent thermal stability and swelling behavior. Calcined loess could be utilized as an energy-saving building material with good humidity-regulating performance, and geological polymerization has further expanded the scope of applications of loess in architecture. In summary, loess-based functional materials, which are inexpensive and ecologically friendly, deserve more attention and further development.

Keywords

ApplicationClayFunctionalizationLoess-based materialsLoess particles
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 69 , Issue 3 , June 2021 , pp. 301 - 314
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2021

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