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Multiple Cation-Exchange Capacity Measurements on Standard Clays Using a Commercial Mechanical Extractor

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

W. F. Jaynes
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
J. M. Bigham
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Abstract

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Sequential cation-exchange capacity (CEC) measurements were obtained from standard clays using a mechanized, variable-rate leaching device. The device consists of a motorized screwjack and as many as 24 leaching tubes coupled to 60-ml plastic syringes. Controlled withdrawal of the syringe plungers produces a vacuum that permits samples in the leaching tubes to be extracted at a uniform rate. A single, 8-hr leaching of clays with 35 ml of salt solution was found to be comparable to multiple saturations or displacements using a centrifuge. CECs consistent with published values were obtained for reference 2:1 clay minerals using both acetate and chloride salts of Na, Ca, and Mg. Potassium-exchange capacities were also successfully measured following in situ thermal treatment of samples in the leaching tubes. Variations in measured CECs for kaolin-group minerals due to salt intercalation were minimized by using chloride rather than acetate salts and by washing with a dilute aqueous solution of the saturating cation following initial saturation. The mechanical extractor significantly reduced the effort required to perform conventional CEC determinations without sacrificing analytical precision.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1986, The Clay Minerals Society

Footnotes

1

Journal article no. 120-85.

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