Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ttngx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-03T06:37:12.030Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mineral Compositional Trends and Their Correlations with Petrophysical and Well-Logging Parameters Revealed by Quanta + Bestmin Analysis: Miocene of the Carpathian Foredeep, Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Jan Środoń  and
Tadeusz Kawiak
Jan Środoń*
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences PAN, Senacka 1, 31002 Krakow, Poland
Tadeusz Kawiak
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences PAN, Senacka 1, 31002 Krakow, Poland
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: ndsrodon@cyf-kr.edu.pl
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study uses the data from Miocene rocks of the Carpathian Foredeep to test the performance of the computer programs QUANTA and BESTMIN in aiding the interpretation of geophysical log data. These programs were designed to help trace trends in the mineral composition of rocks, the chemical composition of minerals, and the effects of these data on petrophysical and geophysical logging parameters. Chemical and X-ray diffraction data for 65 samples of shales, sandstones, and carbonates taken from cored wells in the molasse basin of the Carpathian Foredeep were processed. Compositional differences were detected between rocks sourced from the platform and rocks sourced from the Carpathians. Quartz, K-feldspar, and zircon were more abundant in the coarse-grained rocks (sandstones), while calcite, ankerite, siderite, pyrite, barite, halite, celestite, apatite, anatase, chlorite, 2:1 minerals, and organic matter were more abundant in the fine-grained rocks (shales). Plagioclase reached its maximum in coarse shales. Ankerite, chlorite, and dioctahedral 2:1 minerals had more Fe in the coarse-grained rocks. The dioctahedral 2:1 minerals in fine-grained rocks had a greater concentration of smectitic layers. This information permitted the precise calculation of grain density, porosity, adsorbed water, and some geophysical logging parameters. It also permitted the calibration of well-log response, in particular, the macroscopic neutron absorption cross-section (Σa) combined with the photoelectric absorption factor (P{e}) or with Pe + Ca (calcium content, measurable in wells by spectroscopic techniques) with porosity and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The NaCl concentration in the pore waters was found to range from the values typical for seawater in shales to the freshwater level in clean sandstones.

Keywords

BESTMINBorehole GeophysicsCECGeochemical LoggingGrain DensityIllitesmectiteLog CalibrationQUANTAQuantitative XRDPorosityPore-water Chemistry
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 60 , Issue 1 , February 2012 , pp. 63 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bertozzi, W. Ellis, D.V. and Wahl, J.S., 1981 The physical foundation of formation lithology logging with gamma-rays Geophysics 46 1439–1455.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, L.L.Y., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J. (1998) Rock- Forming Minerals, Vol. 5B. The Geological Society, London.Google Scholar
Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A., and Zussman, J. (1997) Rock-Forming Minerals, Vols 1–4. The Geological Society, London.Google Scholar
Drozdowicz, K. and Krynicka, E., 1995 Thermal neutron diffusion parameters in homogeneous mixtures Report INP No.1694/PN Krakow, Poland The H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics.Google Scholar
Ellis, D.V. and Singer, J.M., 2007 Well Logging for Earth Scientists Berlin Springer 692.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fang, J.H. Karr, C.L. and Stanley, D.A., 1996 Transformation of geochemical log data to mineralogy using genetic algorithms The Log Analyst 37 26–31.Google Scholar
Harvey, P.K. Brewer, T.S. Lovell, M.A. Kerr, S.A., Harvey, P.K. and Lovell, M.A., 1998 The estimation of modal mineralogy: a problem of accuracy in core-log calibration Core-Log Integration London Special Publication 136, Geological Society 25–38.Google Scholar
Herron, M.M. and Herron, S.L., 1997 Log interpretation parameters determined from chemistry, mineralogy and nuclear forward modeling Proceedings of International Symposium of the Society of Core Analysts 1–12.Google Scholar
Herron, M.M. Herron, S.L., Harvey, P.K. and Lovell, M.A., 1998 Quantitative lithology: open and cased hole application derived from integrated core chemistry and mineralogy database Core-Log Integration London Special Publication 136, Geological Society 81–95.Google Scholar
Kowalska, S., 2008 Clay mineral evidence for the transition from diagenesis to anchimetamorphism in the Upper Proterozoic and Cambrian rocks of the Małopolska Massif PhD thesis Kraków, Poland Institute of Geological Sciences PAN 316.Google Scholar
Kuberska, M. Kozłowska, A. and Maliszewska, A., 2008 Sandstone cements in the Polish and Ukrainian part of the Miocene Carpathian Foredeep 1st Polish Geological Congress 61.Google Scholar
McCarty, D.K. Drits, V.A. and Sakharov, B., 2006 Relationship between composition and lattice parameters of some sedimentary dolomite varieties European Journal of Mineralogy 18 611–627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mystkowski, K. Środoń, J. and McCarty, D.K., 2002.Application of evolutionary programming to automatic XRD quantitative analysis of clay-bearing rocks The Clay Minerals Society 39th Annual MeetingGoogle Scholar
Omotoso, O. McCarty, D.K. Hillier, S. and Kleeberg, R., 2006 Some successful approaches to quantitative mineral analysis as revealed by the 3rd Reynolds Cup contest Clays and Clay Minerals 54 748–760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sayles, F.L. Mangelsdorf, P.C. Jr., 1977 The equilibration of clay minerals with seawater: exchange reactions Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 41 951–960.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J., 2009 Quantification of illite and smectite and their layer charges in sandstones and shales from shallow burial depth Clay Minerals 44 421–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. and McCarty, D.K., 2008 Surface area and layer charge of smectite from CEC and EGME/H2O retention measurements Clays and Clay Minerals 56 142–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. and Paszkowski, M., 2011 Role of clays in diagenetic history of nitrogen and boron in the Carboniferous of Donbas (Ukraine) Clay Minerals 46 561–582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. Morgan, D.J. Eslinger, E.V. Eberl, D.D. and Karlinger, M.R., 1986 Chemistry of illite/smectite and endmember illite Clays and Clay Minerals 34 368–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. Elsass, F. McHardy, W.J. and Morgan, D.J., 1992 Chemistry of illite-smectite inferred from TEM measurements of fundamental particles Clay Minerals 27 137–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. Eberl, D.D. and Drits, V.A., 2000 Evolution of fundamental-particle size during illitization of smectite and implications for reaction mechanism Clays and Clay Minerals 48 446–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. Drits, V.A. McCarty, D.K. Hsieh, J.C.C. and Eberl, D.D., 2001 Quantitative XRD analysis of clay-rich rocks from random preparations Clays and Clay Minerals 49 514–528.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Środoń, J. Mystkowski, K. McCarty, D.K. and Drits, V.A., 2006 BESTMIN: a computer program for refining the quantities and the chemical composition of clays and other mineral components of fine-grained rocks International Conference “Clays and Clay Minerals” 41.Google Scholar
Środoń, J. Zeelmaekers, E. and Derkowski, A., 2009 The charge of component layers of illite-smectite in bentonites and the nature of end-member illite Clays and Clay Minerals 57 649–671.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiewióra, A. and Wilamowski, A., 1996 The relationship between composition and b for chlorite Geologica Carpathica–Series Clays 5 79–87.Google Scholar
Woźnicka, U., 2007.Geochemical-mineralogical models constructed using data from advanced techniques of borehole geophysics Part I. Report INP No.2008/AP, The H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear PhysicsGoogle Scholar
Zorski, T. Ossowski, A. Środoń, J. and Kawiak, T., 2011 Evaluation of mineral composition and petrophysical parameters by the integration of core analysis data and wireline well log data: the Carpathian Foredeep case study Clay Minerals 46 25–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar